英国代写：演员网络理论

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英国代写：演员网络理论。演员网络理论(ANT)是由Michel Callon、Bruno Latour和John Law在20世纪70年代提出的。这些学者认为，人类是大多数社会科学研究的中心，在ANT之前存在着自然和社会、人类和非人类元素的二元分类(Lai & Tan, 2011)。然而，社会中存在着许多各种各样的非人类行为者。例如，在一项ICT政策中，除了决策者和相关利益相关者的参与作为推动ICT政策执行的必要因素外，还需要非人为因素的存在，如ICT基础设施、法律和监管框架，以形成一个联合的国家层面的智能生活倡议。接下来英国代写将对演员网络理论进行以下分析。

像Murdoch(1997)这样的研究人员认为，在考虑人和技术时存在遗漏，ANT理论假定这种划分实际上是人为形成的。ANT是通过观察社会世界的行动者和技术世界的人工制品，以对称的方式克服社会世界和技术世界的分裂(Tatnall & Gilding, 1999;Yoo, Lyytinen & Yang, 2005)。它提供了多样性的概念来解释与人、技术、研发、资源、制度和监管相关的项目或政策(Young, Borland & Coghill, 2010)。这与那些希望保持社会或技术状态不变的倡导者相反，后者为所有参与者提供了共同发展创新方法的视角(Tatnall & Gilding, 1999)。

蚂蚁理论的基础是纠正或打破传统世界二元的一种方式。ANT帮助纠正人类/非人类和技术/社会的不自然划分中引入的疏漏。蚂蚁理论(Howcroft, Mitev & Wilson, 2004)提出了对这些不同元素的对称处理。活性剂通常是基于行为和兴趣等属性及其社会或技术元素来考虑的(Yoo, Lyytinen & Yang, 2005)。演员网络是通过翻译过程中人类和非人类元素的合作参与而构建的(Murdoch, 1997)。拉图尔(Latour, 1983)以行动者网络理论的概念为分析出发点，认为网络的构建需要通过翻译的过程，即参与者必须有一致的目标和共识，网络内的关系是相互同意建立的。网络翻译的成功源于行动者之间的利益焦点(Murdoch, 1997)。这种兴趣的焦点是一个必须的通道点(Lai & Tan, 2011;劳与卡龙，1988年;Yoo, Lyytinen & Yang, 2005)。强制性通道点的意义在于，它解释了一个社会或行动者网络如何形成整体的相互关联。当所有的行动者都面临自己无法克服的障碍时，他们只能通过主要行动者的需求形成一个强制性的通道点，这是每个行动者共同关心的问题。该网络是建立在这个强制性的通道点上的。本论文使用四个概念作为镜头来调查智能生活在台湾的倡议，即问题化、相互评估登记和动员。强制通道点OPP被认为是行为者网络理论中与翻译初始问题化阶段相关的特征。OPP就像一个漏斗的窄端，在这里参与者聚集在一个主题或问题上。

Actor-network theory (ANT) was proposed by Michel Callon, Bruno Latour and John Law in the 1970s. These scholars argue that human beings were the centre of most social science’s studies and before ANT there existed a binary classification of nature and society, and human and non-human elements (Lai & Tan, 2011). However, there are many various non-human actors exist in the society. For example, in an ICT policy, except the involvement of policy-makers and related stakeholders as a necessary factor to drive the execution of ICT policy, the existence of non-human factors such as ICT infrastructure, legal and regulatory framework, is needed to form of a coalesced national level initiative for smart living.

Researchers like Murdoch (1997) make the argument that there are omissions when considering people and technology and ANT theory posits that such divisions are in fact artificially formed. ANT is to overcome with the divide of social and technological world with symmetry by observing the actors in the social world and the artefacts in the technological world (Tatnall & Gilding, 1999; Yoo, Lyytinen & Yang, 2005).It provides the concept of diversity to interpret a project or a policy which is associated with human beings, technologies, research and development, resources, institution and regulation (Young, Borland & Coghill, 2010). This is contrary to the advocates who wish to maintain the changelessness of social or technological state that provides the perspective of all participants to coevolve an innovative approach (Tatnall & Gilding, 1999).

The very basis of the ANT theory serves as a way to correct or disrupt the traditional world binaries. ANT helps correct the omissions introduced in unnatural divisions of the human/nonhuman and technology/society. A symmetrical treatment of these different elements is proposed in the ANT theory (Howcroft, Mitev & Wilson, 2004). An actant is always considered based on properties such as behaviours and interests and its social or technological element (Yoo, Lyytinen & Yang, 2005). The actor network is structured through the participation of human and non-human elements’ collaboration by a process of translation (Murdoch, 1997). Latour (1983) used the concept of actor-network theory as the starting point of analysis and believed that the construction of network needs to be through the process of translation, that is, the participants must have consistent goals and consensus, and the relationships within the network are mutually agreed to establish. The success of translation of network is derived from the focal point of interests between actants (Murdoch, 1997). This kind of focal point of interest is an obligatory passage point (Lai & Tan, 2011; Law & Callon, 1988; Yoo, Lyytinen & Yang, 2005). The significance of an obligatory passage point is that it explains how a society or a network of actors can form whole mutual correlations. When all actors face their own obstacles which cannot be overcome, they only can form an obligatory passage point through the needs of the main actor, which is the issue of common concern of each actor. The network is built on this obligatory passage point. The current dissertation makes use of a four-point concept as lens of investigating smart living initiatives in Taiwan which are Problematisation, interassessment enrolment, and mobilisation. The obligatory passage point OPP is identified as that feature in the actor-network theory that is associated with the initial problematization phase in translation. OPP is like a narrow end of a funnel where the actors converge on a topic or question.

以上内容就是英国代写专家对演员网络理论的分析。如果留学生们没有足够的时间来完成英语论文与作业，论文代写推荐选择英国论文代写Advancedthesis服务。因为其服务公司的论文创作专家团队由高素质和经验丰富的学术作家组成，保障论文创作质量与合理的论文代写费用。除此之外，还为留学生提供essay代写、assignment代写、硕士论文代写等服务，留学生们可以扫描本网站二维码随时在线咨询哦!

论文代写：中国没有发生工业革命的原因

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论文代写：中国没有发生工业革命的原因。工业革命并没有发生在中国，对于这一问题，学者们有不同的看法。14世纪的中国是一个具有有效制度的串串经济。然而，这个国家并不像欧洲那么有效。欧洲主要是想利用工业效率获得适当的竞争优势，他们要求新的创新的东西。中国对这种创新没有太大的吸引力。接下来论文代写将分析下中国没有发生工业革命的原因。

另一方面，可以看出中国在那个时期的增长和创新是建立在天才的基础上的，完全是基于经验的。然而，工业革命发生在以实验和错误为基础的经济体中。另一方面，中国工业革命的另一个问题是，国家鼓励所有的天才进入公务员部门，在这种情况下，实验活动没有正常进行。因此，中国的科学在近代科学转型中是失败的，由于关注的是其他实践，中国面临着缺乏创造力的问题。然而，在现代，技术发明是实验和科学的结果。有科学发现的需要。为此，需要进行一些实验、训练、数学假设等。

根据Dahrendorf的说法，在中国，他们没有关注技术的发展和发现(2017，第7页)。在这种情况下，可以看出在技术发明和科学发现的前现代模式下，当时的人大多是中国社会中经验丰富的工匠、天才和农民。因此，在前现代社会中，中国拥有庞大的前现代文化人口，具有适当的竞争优势，但在近代中国，由于技术发明在民族上持续依赖经验和偶然性，未能落后于西方。然而，在欧洲，他们已经开始发展科学技术，科学革命就发生在那个时候。另一方面，可以看出在中国，人们和政府还没有准备好改变他们的思想和生活方式。正如杉原所说，他们想要像中国人一样吃饭，他们想要像中国人一样穿着和生活(2017，第21页)。因此，这是中国缺乏革命和变革的另一个原因。简而言之，他们不想改变自己作为西方民族的文化和本性。

通过对这篇文章的分析，可以看出欧洲在发展创造力的过程中进行了有效的工业革命。然而，中国人的思想是不同的，他们一直注重经验而不是科学。这就是为什么工业革命没有像过去的欧洲那样在中国发生。

The industrial revolution did not happen in China and there are various thoughts of several scholars regarding the topic. In 14th century, the country China had a string economy with effective institution. However, the country was not much effective as Europe. Europe mainly wanted to gain proper competitive advantages by using industrial efficiency and they demanded new innovative things. China was not much attractive towards the innovation.

On the other hand, it can be seen that Chinese growth and innovation in that time was based on the geniuses and it was totally experience based. However, the industrial revolution happened in the economies which were experiment and error based. On the other hand, there was another issue of the industrial revolution in China as the country was encouraged all the geniuses in terms of entering in civil services and in that situation the experiment activity did not happen properly. Thus, China was failure to transform their science in the modern science and the country had faced the issue of lack of creativity as their concern was on other practices. However, in the modern times, the technological inventions result from the experiment and science. There is the need to the scientific discovery. For this, there need to some experiments, training, mathematical hypothesis and so on.

As per Dahrendorf, in China, they did not keep focus on the technological development and discovery (2017, p.7). In this case, it can be seen that under the pre-modern model of the technological invention and the scientific discovery, and most of the people in that time were experienced artisans geniuses and farmers in the society of China. Hence, in the pre-modern society, China had proper competitive advantages as they had huge population of pre-modern culture, but they had failed to behind the West in modem times as the technological invention in the nation China continued to rely on the experience and happenstance. However, in Europe, they had been started developing in the scientific technology and the scientific revolution had happened in that time. On the other hand, it can be seen that in China the people and the government was not ready to make changes in their thoughts and life styles. As per Sugihara, they wanted to eat like Chinese and they wanted to dress and live like Chinese (2017, p.21). Thus, it is another reason of lack of revolution and changes in China. In short, they did not want to bring changes in their culture and nature as the Western nation.

After analysing this essay, it can be seen that Europe had effectively conduct industrial revolution as they wanted to develop creativity. Nevertheless, the thoughts of the Chinese people were different and they kept focus on experiences rather than science. That is why the industrial revolution did not happen in China as Europe in the past days.

以上内容就是论文代写专家对中国没有发生工业革命的原因分析。如果留学生们没有足够的时间来完成英语论文与作业，论文代写推荐选择英国论文代写Advancedthesis服务。因为其服务公司的论文创作专家团队由高素质和经验丰富的学术作家组成，保障论文创作质量与合理的论文代写价格。除此之外，还为留学生提供essay代写、assignment代写、硕士论文代写等服务，留学生们可以扫描本网站二维码随时在线咨询哦!

英国论文代写：毕加索艺术作品

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英国论文代写：毕加索艺术作品。巴勃罗·毕加索1881年出生于西班牙。他作为艺术家在西班牙生活，后来在法国生活，创作了两万多幅油画、素描和雕塑。他的艺术作品包含了广泛的风格，他是为数不多的艺术家之一，设法有一个全面的记录他的艺术作品和发展。他的艺术生涯开始于他年轻时的现实主义手法和艺术作品的象征主义影响。后来在法国，他把现代主义融入到他的艺术作品中，在一个饥饿的艺术家的岁月里，他发展了单色的阴郁绘画。接下来英国论文代写将对毕加索艺术作品进行以下分析与讨论。

他的一些作品，如《生活》，描绘了他当时对生活的悲观看法。这个时期被称为蓝色时期，从1901年到1904年(PabloPicasso, 2009)。后来在玫瑰时期(1904-1906)，他创作了更加欢快的艺术作品。他在作品中使用了橙色和粉色的色调，《格特鲁德·斯坦因的肖像》就是这一时期的代表作之一。在1907-1909年的后期，毕加索探索了艺术家保罗·塞尚的成就，并通过他了解了对人体的程式化处理。这被称为非洲时期。

非洲的影响是毕加索走向立体主义的原因。在受到对人物的风格化处理的启发后，毕加索创作了《阿维尼翁的少女》。这幅画是关于五个裸体女人的。这些人物以扁平的分裂方式组成，面部看起来像是非洲面具和伊比利亚面具文化的混合。女性的身体以一种扭曲的方式呈现，它的形状也是几何的(Foster et al.， 2012)。传统艺术的形式和表现在这里完全被抛弃了。在这幅画中可以看到一种原始主义，视角被换成了二维平面。这被认为是一件非常创新的艺术作品，毕加索自己也觉得这把他从更经典的技术中解放出来，他在法国工作时受到了影响。这些绘画形式后来成为立体派的趋势。

立体派早期的许多艺术作品都探索了类似的风格:尖锐的人物和物体，在一端与背景混合，在另一端显示出投影的表面。立体主义者的工作角度和对象与风格化的人在上下文。现代世界的空间、运动和时间都在变化，其影响在立体主义中被观察到。抽象、简化和风格化的人体表征曾给毕加索带来灵感，也启发了立体派(Cooper, 1971)。

毕加索对立体主义的直接影响来自于1907年他在《阿维尼翁的少女》中的作品。这部作品对人体进行彻底扭曲的风格与经典手法形成了鲜明对比(Chave, 1994)。碎片化、几何平面、柔和的色彩等被认为影响了布拉克等艺术家。布拉克受到毕加索作品的启发，他在20世纪初创作了山水画，直接受到毕加索作品的影响。埃斯塔克的房子以柔和的立方体形式呈现树木和山脉，被法国评论家路易斯·沃克斯塞尔称为“奇异的立方体”。十九世纪的毕加索对立体主义的影响是多方面的。古代和部落艺术形式挑战了文艺复兴艺术的传统(Galenson & Weinberg, 2001)。在立体主义的第二种形式合成立体主义中，色彩变得很重要。没有绘画的物体和有颜色的物体被做成了拼贴画。毕加索给主流绘画手法注入了激进而富有挑战性的思想，开创了立体主义的新趋势。

Some of his works like La Vie portray the gloomy outlook he had on life at that time. This time period is called the Blue period, lasting from 1901-1904 (PabloPicasso, 2009). Later in the Rose Period (1904-1906) he developed art works that were more cheerful. He made use of orange and pink hues in his work, and the Portrait of Gertrude Stein is one of the exemplars of this time. In the later years from 1907-1909, Picasso explored the achievements of artist Paul Cezanne and through him came to understand stylized treatments of the human body. This is called the African period.

African influence was what led Picasso to Cubism. After getting inspired by the stylized treatments of the human figure, Picasso created the Les Demoiselles d’Avignon. The painting was about five naked women. The figures were composed in a flat splintered way and the faces appeared like a mix of African masks and Iberian masks culture. The female body is presented in a distorted way, and it was geometric in its shape as well (Foster et al., 2012). Form and representation of traditional art were totally abandoned here. A primitivism is seen in the picture and perspective was traded for a two-dimensional plane. It was considered a very innovative work of art and Picasso himself felt that it liberated him from the more classic techniques that he was influenced into working in France. These forms of paintings later came to set the trend for Cubism.

Much of the early art work of the Cubists explored similar styles of piercing figures and objects that blended with the background at one end and showed a projective surface at the others. Cubists worked with angles and objects with stylized humans in context. Space, movement and time in the modern world were changing and its effects were observed in cubism. Abstract, simplified and stylized representations of the human body that had inspired Pablo Picasso were also an inspiration for the Cubists (Cooper, 1971).

Picasso’s direct influence on Cubism is from his work in the Les Demoiselles d’ Avignon in 1907. The work’s style of radical distortion of humans was a sharp contrast from the classical techniques (Chave, 1994). Fragmented, geometric planes, subdued colors and more were seen to be an influence on artists like Braque. Braque was inspired by Picasso’s work and he created landscape paintings in the beginning of the twentieth century as a direct influence form Picasso’s work. The House at L’Estaque with trees and mountains in subdued forms of cubes was named by French critic Louis Vauxcelles as the “bizarreries cubiques’. A mix of influences was projected on Cubism by Pablo Picasso from the nineteenth century. Archaic and tribal art forms challenged the conventions of renaissance art (Galenson & Weinberg, 2001). In the second form of cubism called synthetic cubism color become important. Non-painted objects and colored objects were made into a collage. Picasso gave radical and challenging ideas to the main stream techniques and created a new trend in cubism.

以上内容就是英国论文代写对毕加索艺术作品的分析与讨论。如果留学生们没有足够的时间来完成英语论文与作业，论文代写推荐留学生选择英国论文代写Advancedthesis服务。因为其服务公司的论文创作专家团队由高素质和经验丰富的学术作家组成，保障论文创作质量与合理的论文代写价格。除此之外，还为留学生提供essay代写、assignment代写、硕士论文代写等服务，留学生们可以扫描本网站二维码随时在线咨询哦!

英国代写：实证主义哲学

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英国代写：实证主义哲学。实证主义哲学中有一些关键的假设，有必要了解这些假设，以便负责地分析为定量研究方法收集的数据。首先，对现实世界和分析对象假定一个客观的实在性。其次，这种范式假设人们在分析数据以得出结论时理解了这个客观现实(Neuman, 2000)。被揭示的客观现实被理解为与人们的知识是分离的，因此被研究的对象与主体是分离的。这使得实证主义更加科学，对真理的揭示也更加公正和客观。接下来英国代写将对实证主义哲学进行以下分析。

在理解一个现象是如何被触发或影响时，假设了一个一般的因果模式。识别这些模式导致识别更新的知识或更新的因果关系。最后一个关键因素是，要对这些看法进行完全的经验验证，从而得出更准确的数据。这种形式的研究没有偏见，而且达到了客观性。

实证主义哲学背后的哲学或意识形态是，无论研究者对世界拥有什么样的知识或信仰，只有一个单一的客观现实(Carson et al.， 2001)。因此，识别这一单一的客观现实成为实证主义研究范式的焦点。有控制和有组织的方法只有助于确定这一客观现实(Churchill, 1996)。为了不玷污这种客观分析，实证主义研究人员将需要脱离参与者。他们以情感中立的方式收集数据，这样研究人员就不必执着于数据收集过程。理性与情感的分离是对客观现实的识别。一个明确的隔离个人经验，甚至主观的知识被搁置一边遵循严格的实验方法和统计调查(Neuman, 2000)。调查结果是这样被接受的，因为它们是理性的，经过逻辑计算的。不受时间和背景影响的概括是由实证主义研究人员做出的，他们相信通过将自己与研究参与者分开，他们已经使他们的研究结论尽可能客观。事实和价值判断在这里也被分开(Hudson和Ozanne, 1988)。

实证主义和定量研究方法之间的联系在于，定量研究方法有助于客观地看待事物，正如实证主义所要求的那样。定量方法，如社会调查，统计调查等往往可以收集大量的数据，因为所收集的数据的数字性质。实证主义认为，社会事实是建立客观现实所必需的，必须大量收集社会事实。在这里，趋势和模式比个人更重要。科学技术和研究方法将被应用于揭示社会关系的形式、模式、因果关系和收集数据的明确确定的变量之间的相关性(Ponterotto, 2005)。

基于假设的研究是在定量研究的实证主义范式中进行的。假设将涉及两个或多个变量。变量根据某种逻辑或因果关系进行操作，并被确定为自变量和因变量。收集到的数据通常会证明假设或替代假设是肯定的(Lincoln和Guba, 1985)。

There are some critical assumptions in the positivist philosophy and it is necessary to understand these assumptions to responsibly analyse data as collected for the quantitative research method. Firstly, an objective reality is assumed with respect to the real world and the object of analysis. Secondly, this paradigm assumes that people understand this objective reality when data is analysed to generate conclusions (Neuman, 2000). The objective reality being uncovered is understood as being separate from the people’s knowledge, and hence the object being investigated is separated from the subject. This makes positivism more scientific and the uncovering of truth is unbiased and objective as well. Thirdly, there are prediction and control assumptions.

A general pattern of cause and effect is assumed when understanding how a phenomenon is triggered or affected. Identifying these patterns leads to the identification of newer knowledge or newer causal relations. The final key element is that there is complete empirical verification of these perceptions, which lead to data that are more accurate. This form of research is bias free, and objectivity is achieved.

The philosophy or ideology behind the positivist philosophy is that irrespective of what knowledge or belief that researcher possesses of the world, there is only a single objective reality (Carson et al., 2001). Therefore, identifying this single objective reality thus becomes the focus of the positivist research paradigms. A controlled and structured approach would only be helpful in identifying this objective reality (Churchill, 1996). In order to not stain this objective analysis, positivist researchers will need to detach themselves from the participants. They collect data in emotionally neutral ways where the researcher does not have to get attached to the data collection process. Reason and feeling are separated to identify objective reality. A clear-cut segregation of the personal experience and even subjective knowledge is laid aside to follow a strict experimental method and statistical investigation (Neuman, 2000). The results of the investigation are accepted as such, since they are rational and logically calculated. Time free and context free generalizations are made by the positivist researchers who believe that by separating themselves from the research participants, they have made their research conclusions as objective as they possibly can. Fact and value judgements are also separated here (Hudson and Ozanne, 1988).

The connection between positivism and quantitative research methods lies in the fact that quantitative research methods help see things as objectively as positivism requires it to. Quantitative methods such as social surveys, statistical investigations and more can often gather large amounts of data because of the numeric nature of data being collected. Positivism sees social facts as being necessary to establish the objective reality and social facts have to be collected in large amounts. Trends and patterns more than the individual are given more importance here. Scientific techniques and methods of study will be applied to uncover the form of social relationships, patterns, causal and correlations between clearly established variables for which data is collected (Ponterotto, 2005).

Hypothesis based research is done in the positivist paradigm of quantitative research. The hypothesis will involve two or more variables. The variables are operationalized as per some logical or causal relationship and it is identified as independent and dependent variables. The data collected will usually prove the hypothesis or an alternative hypothesis is affirmed (Lincoln and Guba, 1985).

以上内容就是英国代写对实证主义哲学的分析。如果留学生们没有足够的时间来完成英语论文与作业，论文代写推荐留学生选择英国论文代写Advancedthesis服务。因为其服务公司的论文创作专家团队由高素质和经验丰富的学术作家组成，保障论文创作质量与合理的论文代写价格。除此之外，还为留学生提供essay代写、assignment代写、硕士论文代写等服务，从而让留学生们轻松应对论文写作并创作出专属个人的优秀论文!

代写：帕金森病对澳大利亚患者生活的影响

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代写：帕金森病对澳大利亚患者生活的影响。帕金森氏症是澳大利亚严重的慢性健康问题之一(影响身体的自主神经系统)。帕金森病的显著症状是下巴、手臂和面部颤抖、僵硬、丧失自主运动能力(由于多巴胺减少)、姿势不稳定、疲劳、抑郁、便秘等。事实上，在澳大利亚，有超过8万人患有帕金森病，这对国家来说是一个可怕的事实，因为帕金森病严重影响了澳大利亚人宝贵的生活(Shake It Up, 2018)。接下来代写专家将帕金森病对澳大利亚患者生活的影响进行以下分析。

事实上，PD在澳大利亚的病人会遇到各种各样的问题，这些问题可能会以最糟糕的方式影响病人的生活。例如，帕金森病患者越来越多地面临震颤、运动缓慢、僵硬、不稳定、焦虑、痴呆和疲劳等问题(Berg et al.， 2013)。因此，患有帕金森症的澳大利亚人在日常生活中会遇到各种各样的挑战。例如，这样的患者不能以适当的方式享受家庭生活。同样，由于PD的不同症状，患者的工作效率也会降低(Becerra et al.， 2016)。在澳大利亚，许多员工都有与PD相关的问题，这极大地削弱了澳大利亚员工的自尊。有时，由于PD对人体的影响，对人的生活产生了一些意想不到的影响。另一方面，Parkinson ‘ s Australia(2017)指出，“帕金森病可能对某些男性的勃起功能有直接的不利影响”(p. 1)。因此，在澳大利亚，患者的性生活会因焦虑和抑郁等相关症状而受到干扰，严重影响婚姻生活。事实上，许多作者也阐明了PD对患者生活的广泛影响(Lee, Shine & Lewis, 2015)。例如，个体的驾驶能力可能会因为PD而下降，这可能会使人的生活方式从独立生活方式转变为依赖生活方式。

许多研究和研究根据PD的严重程度或阶段考虑了不同的干预措施(Demira, Vasilakisb, Lebcirc & Southern, 2015)。然而，一般来说，一些药物如左旋多巴、多巴胺激动剂和单胺氧化酶- b抑制剂是有效的，根据各种研究。此外，物理治疗、职业治疗和语言治疗也可以作为许多医生治疗PD患者的指南针。例如，根据罗杰斯、戴维斯、平克和库珀(2017)的说法，物理疗法可以是一种支持性疗法，通过各种锻炼帮助帕金森病患者缓解关节疼痛和肌肉僵硬。的确，心肺运动(健身训练)、柔韧运动(伸展运动)、阻力运动(力量训练)、平衡训练，可以为PD患者恢复身体运动功能铺平道路。接下来，说到饮食建议，很多医生建议增加食物中的纤维和盐的含量，以帮助患者解决便秘和头晕的问题。外科医生还采用脑深部刺激手术，用于有效减少PD的症状(Becerra et al.， 2016)。

The Parkinson’s Disease is one of the grave and chronic health problems (affecting the autonomic nervous system of the body) in Australia. The notable symptoms of the PD are trembling in jaw, arms, and face, rigidity, loss of spontaneous movement (due to less dopamine), postural instability, fatigue, depression, constipation, and so on (Lee, Shine & Lewis, 2015). Indeed, such symptoms of the PD make the patient’s life miserable and dependent to a high extent. Actually, in Australia, more than 80,000 people are suffering from the PD, which is a terrible fact for the country due to the PD’s severe impact on the Australian’s valuable life (Shake It Up, 2018).

In truth, the PD’s patients in Australia come across sundry issues, which affect the life of the patients in the worst way possible. For instance, the PD’s patients face tremor, slowness of movement, rigidity, instability, anxiety, dementia, and fatigue to name a few problems increasingly (Berg et al., 2013). Therefore, the Australians with PD stumble across varied challenges in the daily life. For example, such patients cannot enjoy the family life in a proper way. Likewise, the productivity of the patients can be reduced in the workplace due to the PD’s different symptoms (Becerra et al., 2016). In Australia, many workers have issues linked to the PD, which lessen the Australian workforces’ self-esteem hugely. Sometimes, the job modification and early retirement are some unexpected impacts on the person’s life because of the PD’s effects on the human body. On the other hand, Parkinson’s Australia (2017) stated that, “Parkinson’s disease may have a direct, adverse effect on erectile function in some men” (p. 1). Thence, in Australia, the patients’ sex life can be disturbed due to the associated symptoms about the anxiety and depression, which can affect the married life badly. In effect, a number of authors have also shed the light on the wide-ranging impacts of the PD on the patient’s life (Lee, Shine & Lewis, 2015). For example, the individuals’ driving abilities can be declined due to the PD, which can change the person’s lifestyle from the independent lifestyle to the dependent lifestyle.

A number of researches and studies have deliberated different intervention as per the severity or stage of the PD (Demira, Vasilakisb, Lebcirc & Southern, 2015). However, generally, some medicines such as levodopa, dopamine agonists, and monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors are effective as per miscellaneous studies. Further, the physiotherapy, occupational therapy and speech therapy can also work like a compass for many doctors to cure the patients with the PD. For instance, as per Rogers, Davies, Pink, & Cooper (2017), the physiotherapy can be a supportive therapy in helping the PD’s patients to relieve joint pain and muscle stiffness using the assorted exercises. Indeed, the cardiorespiratory exercise (fitness training), flexibility exercises (stretching), resistance exercises (strength training), and balance training can pave the way for the PD’s patients to revitalize the motor functions of the body. Next, talking about the diet advice, many doctors suggest the fibre and salt’s increased quantity in the food to help the patient with the problem of the constipation and dizziness. The surgeons also employ the deep brain stimulation surgery, which is used to reduce the symptoms of the PD effectively (Becerra et al., 2016).

以上内容就是代写专家帕金森病对澳大利亚患者生活的影响分析。如果留学生们没有足够的时间来完成英语论文与作业，论文代写推荐留学生选择英国论文代写Advancedthesis服务。因为其服务公司的论文创作专家团队由高素质和经验丰富的学术作家组成，保障论文创作质量与合理的论文代写价格。除此之外，还为留学生提供essay代写、assignment代写、硕士毕业论文代写等服务，从而让留学生们轻松应对论文写作并创作出专属个人的优秀论文!

代写：韩国、中国、日本的权力结构变化

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代写：韩国、中国、日本的权力结构变化。韩国、中国、日本的权力结构发生了变化。这些国家的意识形态发生了内在的转变。这些都受到政治气候的影响，反之亦然。统治阶级和平民在很多因素的共同作用下建立了一个基本基于局势动态的制度。在此次分析中，将详细介绍韩国、中国、日本之间的相互作用以及它们如何影响这一变化。接下来代写专家将对韩国、中国、日本的权力结构变化进行以下分析。

现代国家有民主，也有自己的历史。必须了解各种模式，以确定系统中盛行的每种意识形态的性质。从简单的观点来看，戒严法是军事法的形式，而文官制度是国家在这种模式下的存在方式。了解国家中存在的政治制度是理解动态的必要条件。

这些是通过分析确定的主要因素。现代朝鲜分为朝鲜和韩国。朝鲜、中国、日本三国因种族而出现了分化。这三个王国曾经有过一段冲突时期。北为高句丽，东南为新罗，西南为百济。公元668年，新罗打败并统一了朝鲜半岛的对手。高丽时期(918-1392年)，朝鲜半岛已经到达边界。在此基础上考虑了朝鲜王朝。他们巩固了国界。在朝鲜地区，方言和习俗之间存在着地域差异。这些是根据习俗和方言区分的。总的来说，地区差异被文化的同质性所压倒。

在中国，从韩国开始出现了地方方言。据观察，韩国语与中国不同，在结构上与日本文化相似。关于韩国和日本，语言学家之间有很多争论。许多顾客、艺术形式和宗教习俗都与中国或日本不同。此外，理学的改编和统治精英的哲学也源自中国。几个世纪以来，朝鲜一直被认为是中国“朝贡制度”的一部分。这包括定期向中国朝廷赠送礼物，并承认中国比朝鲜国王优越的事实。然而，这些国家象征性地依赖中国。他们依靠中国的军事保护和政治合法化。实际上，韩国被认为是独立于内部行为的国家。

在16世纪末日本人的伏击和17世纪东北亚的满族人的入侵之后，朝鲜被迫采取了以与其他国家有限接触为基础的政策。这是朝鲜王朝允许的主要对外交往。因此，每年有3、4次驻中国大使馆。在这个时期，朝鲜东南部有一个日本商人的小前哨。在这段时间里，只有少数朝鲜人在朝鲜王朝时期离开。朝鲜被认为是西方的“隐士王国”。他们后来为当时的西方人所知。19世纪后半叶的日本殖民时期成为帝国主义在中国争夺利益的唯一对象。这些都使各国把目光投向了韩国的开放，无论是贸易还是外交关系。这基本上使日本最近开始接受西方式的国际关系。这是自1876年以来，为使韩朝签订《外交条约》而实施的第一次。基本上，日本的投降为朝鲜创造了一个新的王国，后来分裂了。

总之，各国必须了解历史意义。人们认为，各国都有一种相互依赖的政治制度。朝鲜被认为是在中国和日本的意识形态之下。这三个国家都有其独特的制度，并以多种形式表现出来。这些是本分析认为的主要因素。

Modern day nations have democracy and their own history. It is imperative to understand modalities to determine the nature of each ideology which prevailed in systems. From a simplistic stand point, martial law is the form of military law and the civil system is how nations had existed in this schema. It is imperative to understand about political systems which existed in the state to understand the dynamics.

These were main factors which were determined from this analysis. Modern Korea is divided into North and South Korea. The kingdoms of Korea, China and Japan were appearing to be differentiated based on the race. There was the period of conflict between these three kingdoms. These were known as Koguryo in north, Silla in southeast and Paekche in the southwest. Silla had defeated and unified rivals in Korean peninsula between 668 CE. Korea had reached boundaries during the Koryo Dynasty (918-1392). Based on this, the Choson dynasty was considered. They had consolidated national boundaries. Within the region of Korea, there were regional differences which were expressed between the dialect and the customs. These were differentiated based on customs and dialects. In general, regional differences were overweighed by the cultural homogeneity.

In China, there was the rise of regional dialects from Korea. Korean language is observed to be distinct from China and they are structurally similar to the Japan culture. There are a lot of debate which exists between linguists about Korea and Japan. Many of customers, art forms and religious practices were different from China or Japan. Besides, the adaptation of the Neo-Confucianism and the philosophy of the ruling elite were derived from China. For many of centuries, Korea was considered to be a part of the Chinese “tribute system”. This entailed giving regular gifts to Chinese court and also acknowledging the fact that China was superior to the Korean king. However, these were symbolically dependent on China. They were dependent on China for the military protection and the political legitimization. In practice, Korea was considered to be independent on the internal behavior.

After the ambush of invasion by the Japanese towards the end of the 16th century and by the Manchus of Northeast Asia in 17th century, Korea was forced to have a policy which was based on the limited contact with other nations. This was a the main foreign contact which was sanctioned by the Choson Dynasty. Due to this, there was diplomatic missions for China for three or four times a year. In this time period, there was a small outpost of Japanese merchants in the southeastern part of Korea. In this time, there was a little population of Koreans who had left during the Choson Dynasty. Korea was considered to be the hermit kingdom for the west. They were later known for westerners at that time. The Japanese Colonial Period which was seen towards the latter half of the 19th century became the sole object for the competing imperial interests in China. These had caused countries to view for the open up of Korea for the trade and also the diplomatic relations. It basically took Japan to be recently opened towards the Western-style international relations. These were done to impose the diplomatic treaty for Korea for the first time since 1876. Basically, the surrendering of Japan created a newer realm for Korea which was split later on.

To conclude, it is imperative for nations to understand about the historical significance. Nations are seen to have a dynamic, which created political systems to be dependent on each other. Korea was deemed to be under the ideology of Chinese and Japanese forces. Each of these three nations have unique system which has manifested in many forms. These were main factors which are deemed from this analysis.

以上内容就是代写专家对韩国、中国、日本的权力结构变化分析。如果留学生们没有足够的时间来完成英语论文与作业，论文代写推荐留学生选择英国论文代写Advancedthesis服务。因为其服务公司的论文创作专家团队由高素质和经验丰富的学术作家组成，保障论文创作质量与合理的论文代写价格。除此之外，还为留学生提供essay代写、assignment代写、硕士论文代写等服务，从而让留学生们轻松应对论文写作并创作出专属个人的优秀论文!

英国论文代写：后殖民女性主义理论

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英国论文代写：后殖民女性主义理论。与普通的女性主义者相比，后殖民女性主义者遭受着一种双重殖民的形式。一端是作为殖民地臣民对殖民权力的反抗，另一端则是她在自己的国家里被殖民的兄弟们压迫。女权主义积极分子研究人员确实认为，她们对自己的状态有一定程度的失望。接下来英国论文代写专家将对后殖民女性主义理论进行以下分析。

在一些后殖民时代和当前的话语中，我们发现女权主义作家几乎呈现出对国家的一种修辞上的拒绝。有时，他们甚至有必要采纳非国家行为体的观点、意识形态和背书，以呈现与女权主义相关的抵抗政治。这并不意味着所有的女权主义辩论都集中在对抗国家和变得反民族主义，事实上，也有人支持国家的角色，民族主义和后殖民民族主义，当涉及到保护妇女权利时，“激烈的，几乎是修辞上的对国家的拒绝，他们对非国家行为体的不加批判的支持和他们意识形态驱动的抵抗政治受到了那些认为国家仍然是整个后殖民世界中妇女和其他少数群体权利和保护的最大来源的人的挑战”(Parashar 372)。然而，国家存在的不足和一些国家机构的失败也确实导致了像突尼斯和埃及这样的国家的人民质疑社会正义和平等要求。

导致性别平等问题的国家政策，让人们为了自己的权利而反抗和反抗国家。继续被排斥的女性的希望在于挑战体制、国家和体制。这里有一个反对民族主义理想的论点。可以推断，国家作为一种机构，在谈到后殖民民族主义情绪时被视为一种崇敬，现在被视为在后殖民女性主义态度的背景下被反对或改善的东西。改革国家，确保被边缘化和被排斥的女性重新获得她们的身份和社会平等，因此是那些寻求反对她们的国家的女权运动的核心。在后殖民时代的女性主义在这种背景下可以被理解为一种对第三世界国家的女性及其问题的理解，而不是仅仅理解西方文化中女性的经历。更多的是强调非西方女性在后殖民世界的政治、社会和经济影响，主张非西方女性的代表，如突尼斯和埃及，但也采取积极立场反对自己的国家和机构。正如赛义德的东方主义所揭示的那样，非殖民化国家的人们不仅在争取权利的方式上不同，而且他们甚至在发出声音方面也受到限制。这在突尼斯革命和埃及起义中可见一斑。

Compared to the normal feminist, the post-colonial feminist suffers a form of double colonization. At one end, there is the resistance to colonial power as a colonized subject, and at the other end, she is being oppressed in her own state by her colonized brothers (Tyagi 45). Feminist activist researchers have indeed argued a certain disenchantment with their state.

In some of the post-colonial and current discourses, it is identified that feminist writers almost present a rhetorical rejection of the state. Sometimes, it is even necessary for them to take up the opinion, ideology and endorsement of non-state actors in order to present politics of resistance as related to feminism. This does not necessarily mean that all feminism debates focus on antagonizing states and becoming anti-nationalistic, in fact, there are people who also support the role of the nation, nationalism and post-colonial nationalism when it comes to protecting women’ s rights, “vehement and almost rhetorical rejection of the state, their uncritical endorsement of non-state actors and their ideologically motivated politics of resistance has been challenged by those who believe that the state continues to be the biggest source of rights and protection for women and other minorities throughout the post-colonial world” (Parashar 372). However, it is also true that the inadequate presence of state and failure of some state institutions has led to people in countries like Tunisia and Egypt to question social justice and equality claims.

State policies that have led to gender issues of equality, created people segments revolting and rebelling against the state for their rights. The hope for women who continue to be excluded lay in challenging the system, the nation and the institution. Here then an argument is made against nationalistic ideals. It could be inferred that state as an institution which was considered with a reverence when it comes to post-colonial nationalistic sentiments, now comes to be viewed as something to be opposed or improved in the context of post-colonial feministic attitudes. Reforming the state and making sure the marginalized and excluded women segment get back their identity and social equality is hence at the heart of those feminism movements that seek to oppose their nations. Post-colonial feminism in this context can be understood as a form of response to understanding women in third world countries and their issues as opposed to just understanding the experiences of women in western culture. More emphasis is on the political, social and economic effects of non-western women in the post0colonial world, one that argued for the representation of non-western women like those in the countries of Tunisia and Egypt, but which also took up an active standpoint against their own nations, and institutions. As Said’ s orientalism reveals, people in decolonized countries are not only different in the way they fight for their rights, but also how they are restricted in even having a voice. This is observed in the Tunisian revolution and the Egyptian uprising.

以上内容就是英国论文代写专家对后殖民女性主义理论的分析。如果留学生们没有足够的时间来完成英语论文与作业，论文代写推荐留学生选择英国论文代写Advancedthesis服务。因为其服务公司的论文创作专家团队由高素质和经验丰富的学术作家组成，保障论文创作质量与合理的论文代写价格。除此之外，还为留学生提供essay代写、assignment代写、硕士论文代写等服务，从而让留学生们轻松应对论文写作并创作出专属个人的优秀论文!

硕士论文代写：非正式工作组

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硕士论文代写：非正式工作组。一般来说，非正式工作组有能力控制其成员的行为，并直接影响生产力的水平。乔治·霍曼斯(George Homans)发展了一个社会制度的模型来解释它们的力量从何而来影响个人的行为。霍曼斯确定了构成社会系统的三个要素:活动、互动和情感。活动是员工通常执行的任务。互动是人们在执行任务时的行为，情感是个体之间发生的态度。虽然这些概念是不同的，但它们之间有很强的相互依赖性(Jibowo 2007)。因此，在其中一个元素中发生的任何更改都会影响其他两个元素。接下来硕士论文代写将对非正式工作组进行以下分析与讨论。

在任何组织中，成员都必须参与某些活动、进行某些互动和表达某些情绪，否则他们就必须离开。有一些活动应该由一起工作的人来完成，并让人们在组织中继续工作感到满意。如果情绪变得更加积极，人们会加强他们之间的互动。如果这个过程持续下去，人们会发展出类似的情绪和行为。一旦群体的凝聚力增强，群体就会形成期望和规范，强调特定环境下人们的可接受行为(Jun et al, 2006)。如果这个群体有明显的凝聚力，成员就不会想离开，他们会很快接受规范。如果出现了员工偏离规范的情况，他们要么会被批准，要么会被迫离开组织。一个强大的非正式团体不应该被视为组织的问题。它可以帮助提高整体性能。然而，帮助他们整合自己的目标并使其与组织的目标保持一致是至关重要的。尽管McGregor等人认为基于X理论假设的人际能力提升管理已经过时，但它仍被广泛应用。此后，尽管它认为人们在工作场所不成熟、懒惰(Kamalian et al, 2010)，仍然有许多公司使用它。

阿吉里斯认为，官僚金字塔的价值观导致组织成员之间的关系糟糕而肤浅。此外，这些关系是不真实的，导致低人际交往能力，因为他们不允许自然地表达感情。此外，Argyris还指出，心理上不安全的环境是冲突、僵化和低绩效的适当根源(Khalid等人，2010)。另一方面，如果管理强调人文和民主的价值观，人们之间就会发展信任基础上建立的真诚关系，从而提高人际交往能力和组织能力。在这样的环境中，人们有机会充分发挥自己的潜力，管理层努力创造一个令人兴奋和具有挑战性的环境。这些组织的成员被视为具有复杂需求的人，并有机会影响他们与工作和环境的联系方式。主导大多数组织的官僚金字塔价值观导致了许多问题(Khan等人，2010)。为了向成熟的人过渡，个人必须改变。首先，他们需要从消极的态度转变为积极的状态。接下来，它们应该发展到一种相对独立的状态，并开始以多种方式表现。要有长远的眼光，培养更深刻、更强的兴趣。

Generally speaking, informal work groups have the power to control the behaviour of their members and in directly influence the level of productivity. George Homans developed a model of social systems to explain from where their power comes to influence individuals’ behaviour . Homans identified the three elements that compose a social system: activities, interactions and sentiments. Activities are the usual tasks employees perform. Interactions are the behaviours between people while performing the tasks and the sentiments are the attitudes that occur between individuals. Although these concepts are distinct, there is a strong and mutual dependency between them (Jibowo 2007). As a result, any change that happens in one of these elements will influence the other two.

In any organization, certain activities, interactions and sentiments are required from its members otherwise they would have to leave. There are certain activities should be done by people that work together and be satisfying for people to continue working within the organization. If the sentiments are becoming more positive, people will enhance the interactions between them. If this process continues, people will develop similar sentiments and behaviours. Once the cohesion of the group increases, the group will develop expectations and norms that highlight the accepted behaviour of the people in specific circumstances (Jun et al, 2006). If the group is significantly cohesive, the members would not want to leave and they will embrace the norms quickly. If there are situation when people deviate from the norms, they will be either sanctioned or forced to leave the organization. A strong informal group should not be seen as an issue for the organization. It can help improve the overall performance. It is however essential to help them integrate and align their own goals with the ones of the organization. Increasing interpersonal competence management based on Theory X assumptions is still widely practiced, although McGregor and others consider it as being outdated. Henceforth, there are many companies that still use it today, although it considers people as being immature and lazy at the workplace (Kamalian et al, 2010).

Argyris considers that bureaucratic-pyramidal values lead to poor and superficial relationships between the members of an organization. These relationships moreover are not authentic and lead to low interpersonal competence, because they do not allow the natural expression of feelings. Further on, Argyris points out that an environment that is not psychologically safe is a proper ground for conflict, rigidity and low performance (Khalid et al, 2010). On the other hand, if management emphasizes on humanistic and democratic values, authentic relationships developed on trust will develop among people leading to higher interpersonal competence and organizational competence. In such an environment, people are given the opportunity to develop their full potential and management strives to create an exciting and challenging environment. The members of the organizations are treated as persons with a complex set of needs and are given the chance to influence the way in which they relate to work and environment. The bureaucratic-pyramidal values that dominate most organizations have lead to many issues (Khan et al, 2010). Individuals have to change in order to make the transition toward mature people. First, they need to move from a passive attitude to a state of activity. Next, they should develop to a state of relative independence and start behaving in many ways. The members should develop deeper and stronger interest, while having a long-term perspective.

以上内容就是硕士论文代写专家对非正式工作组的分析与讨论。如果留学生们没有足够的时间来完成英语论文与作业，论文代写推荐留学生选择英国论文代写Advancedthesis服务。因为其服务公司的论文创作专家团队由高素质和经验丰富的学术作家组成，保障论文创作质量与合理的论文代写价格。除此之外，还为留学生提供essay代写、assignment代写、硕士论文代写等服务，从而让留学生们轻松应对论文写作并创作出专属个人的优秀论文!

英国代写：毕加索作品中的立体主义

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英国代写：毕加索作品中的立体主义。巴勃罗·毕加索是立体主义的共同创造者之一，英国代写分析了在巴勃罗·毕加索作品中观察到的立体主义方面。立体主义是20世纪早期的一种艺术运动，当时的艺术家通过让空间围绕物体表现形式来采用一种更开放的可视化形式(the art Story, 2017)。这是一场从艺术透视风格的运动，自文艺复兴时期以来一直占主导地位。接下来英国代写专家将对毕加索作品中的立体主义进行以下分析。

巴勃罗·毕加索于1881年出生于西班牙。他在西班牙和法国以艺术家的身份生活，创作了2万多幅油画、素描和雕塑。他的艺术作品涵盖了广泛的风格，他是为数不多的能够全面记录他的艺术作品和发展的艺术家之一(PabloPicasso, 2009)。他的艺术开始于现实主义的技术和象征主义的艺术作品在他年轻的时候。后来在法国，他把现代主义融入到他的艺术作品中，在一个饥饿的艺术家的岁月里，他发展了单色色调的忧郁绘画。他的一些作品如《人生》描绘了他对当时生活的悲观看法。这一时期被称为“蓝色时期”，从1901年至1904年(PabloPicasso, 2009)。在后来的玫瑰时期(1904-1906)，他创作了一些更加欢快的艺术作品。他在作品中使用了橙色和粉色的色调，《格特鲁德·斯坦因的肖像》就是这一时期的典范之一。在1907-1909年的后期，毕加索探索了艺术家保罗·塞尚的成就，并通过他开始理解对人体的程式化处理。这被称为非洲时期。

立体主义和巴勃罗·毕加索

非洲的影响是毕加索走向立体派的原因。毕加索从人物的程式化处理中获得灵感，创作了《阿维尼翁的少女》。这幅画大概是五个裸体女人。这些人物以一种扁平的分裂方式组成，脸部看起来像是非洲面具和伊比利亚面具文化的混合体。女性的身体以一种扭曲的方式呈现，它的形状也是几何的(Foster et al.， 2012)。传统艺术的形式和表现在这里完全被抛弃了。原始主义在图片中被看到，透视被交换为二维平面。这被认为是一件非常创新的艺术作品，毕加索本人觉得这把他从更经典的技术中解放出来，他在法国工作时受到了影响。这些绘画形式后来引领了立体主义的潮流。

立体派早期的许多艺术作品都探索了类似的风格，尖锐的人物和物体在一端与背景融合，在另一端显示一个投影表面。立体派画家将角度和物体与环境中程式化的人类联系在一起。现代世界的空间、运动和时间都在变化，其影响在立体主义中可见一斑。对人体的抽象、简化和风格化的表现，启发了巴勃罗·毕加索(Pablo Picasso)，也是立体派的灵感来源(Cooper, 1971)。

毕加索对立体主义的直接影响来自他1907年在《阿维尼翁的少女》中的作品。作品对人的彻底扭曲的风格与古典技术形成了鲜明的对比(Chave, 1994)。碎片化的几何平面、柔和的色彩等等被认为对布拉克这样的艺术家产生了影响。布拉克受到毕加索作品的启发，在20世纪初创作了风景画，直接影响了毕加索的作品。埃斯塔克的这座房子以柔和的立方体形式呈现树木和山脉，被法国评论家路易斯·沃克斯塞勒命名为“奇异立方体”。19世纪的巴勃罗·毕加索对立体主义产生了多种影响。古老和部落的艺术形式挑战了文艺复兴艺术的传统(Galenson & Weinberg, 2001)。立体主义的第二种形式叫做合成立体主义色彩变得很重要。没有画的物体和有颜色的物体被做成拼贴画。毕加索对主流绘画技法提出了激进而富有挑战性的想法，开创了立体主义的新趋势。

作品从毕加索早期的影响，法国的影响，再到后来的立体主义艺术形式，讨论了毕加索的生平和艺术成就。他是立体主义的共同创造者，他的《阿维尼翁少女》被认为是立体主义的灵感来源。

Pablo Picasso was born in Spain in the year 1881. He lived his life as an artist in Spain and later in France and has created more than 20,000 paintings, drawings and sculptures. His art works encompassed a wide range of styles and he is only one of very few artists that had managed to have a comprehensive record of his art work and developments (PabloPicasso, 2009). He started his art with the realism technique and the symbolist influences of artwork in his young age. Later in France, he incorporated modernism in his art works and in the years of a starving artist, he developed sombre paintings in monochromatic shades. Some of his works like La Vie portray the gloomy outlook he had on life at that time. This time period is called the Blue period, lasting from 1901-1904 (PabloPicasso, 2009). Later in the Rose Period (1904-1906) he developed art works that were more cheerful. He made use of orange and pink hues in his work, and the Portrait of Gertrude Stein is one of the exemplars of this time. In the later years from 1907-1909, Picasso explored the achievements of artist Paul Cezanne and through him came to understand stylized treatments of the human body. This is called the African period.

African influence was what led Picasso to Cubism. After getting inspired by the stylized treatments of the human figure, Picasso created the Les Demoiselles d’Avignon. The painting was about five naked women. The figures were composed in a flat splintered way and the faces appeared like a mix of African masks and Iberian masks culture. The female body is presented in a distorted way, and it was geometric in its shape as well (Foster et al., 2012). Form and representation of traditional art were totally abandoned here. A primitivism is seen in the picture and perspective was traded for a two-dimensional plane. It was considered a very innovative work of art and Picasso himself felt that it liberated him from the more classic techniques that he was influenced into working in France. These forms of paintings later came to set the trend for Cubism.

Much of the early art work of the Cubists explored similar styles of piercing figures and objects that blended with the background at one end and showed a projective surface at the others. Cubists worked with angles and objects with stylized humans in context. Space, movement and time in the modern world were changing and its effects were observed in cubism. Abstract, simplified and stylized representations of the human body that had inspired Pablo Picasso were also an inspiration for the Cubists (Cooper, 1971).

Picasso’s direct influence on Cubism is from his work in the Les Demoiselles d’ Avignon in 1907. The work’s style of radical distortion of humans was a sharp contrast from the classical techniques (Chave, 1994). Fragmented, geometric planes, subdued colors and more were seen to be an influence on artists like Braque. Braque was inspired by Picasso’s work and he created landscape paintings in the beginning of the twentieth century as a direct influence form Picasso’s work. The House at L’Estaque with trees and mountains in subdued forms of cubes was named by French critic Louis Vauxcelles as the “bizarreries cubiques’. A mix of influences was projected on Cubism by Pablo Picasso from the nineteenth century. Archaic and tribal art forms challenged the conventions of renaissance art (Galenson & Weinberg, 2001). In the second form of cubism called synthetic cubism color become important. Non-painted objects and colored objects were made into a collage. Picasso gave radical and challenging ideas to the main stream techniques and created a new trend in cubism.

The work discussed the life and art achievements of Pablo Picasso, starting from his early influences, the French influence and then the latter cubism art forms. A co-creator of Cubism, his Les Demoiselles d’Avignon which is considered as an inspiration of the Cubism was discussed here.

以上内容就是英国代写专家对毕加索作品中立体主义的分析。如果留学生们没有足够的时间来完成英语论文与作业，论文代写推荐留学生选择英国论文代写Advancedthesis服务。因为其服务公司的论文创作专家团队由高素质和经验丰富的学术作家组成，保障论文创作质量与合理的论文代写价格。除此之外，还为留学生提供essay代写、assignment代写、硕士论文代写等服务，从而让留学生们轻松应对论文写作并创作出专属个人的优秀论文!

研究论文代写：有效的社会项目

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研究论文代写：有效的社会项目。有效的社会项目包括与产品安全、多样性、员工关系、人权和社区相关的倡议。通过与公益事业相关的企业慈善和市场营销，与社区相关的倡议是可以实现的。公益事业相关营销适用于企业做出捐赠或贡献的承诺，其收入比例与产品销售相关(Saether和Aguilera, 2008)。这还包括与公司和非营利组织合作。这样的倡议被赋予了创造一种关系的潜力。这应该是在非营利组织和企业之间，因为非营利组织的财政支持和产品销售的产生。接下来研究论文代写专家将对有效的社会项目进行以下分析与讨论。

一个有效的公益相关营销的例子是Yoplait的“拯救眼睑拯救生命”(参与是简单的，2012)。该计划要求顾客在购买优诺酸奶时收集并剪下粉红色的盖子，然后将它们送到通用磨坊。随后，通用磨坊将在一段时间内捐赠10美分给选定的客户用于治疗。

当一个公司为某项事业或慈善事业直接捐赠时，它被称为企业慈善。最大的企业慈善是由美国最大的连锁杂货店Kroger (Emerson, 2012)。这家公司捐赠了6400万美元，占他们利润的10%。克罗格每年为非营利组织、医院、K-12教育和宗教组织提供数百万美元的资金。克罗格服务的组织包括许多学校、联合方式、男孩女孩俱乐部和救世军。

社会举措还包括产品安全、多样性、员工关系和人权方面的举措。公司在人权方面有很强的主动性，确保公司高管、客户和员工之间的双向沟通。此外，这些公司避免侵犯公平、隐私和童工等权利。

员工关系的倡议包括健全的福利计划、健全的健康计划和良好的工会关系。与多元化相关的倡议包括增加公司的少数族裔和女性人口的行动。这一倡议还包括增加他们在董事会中的代表性。有关产品安全的措施是确保产品的安全使用。

董事会在公司与其利益相关者的关系中确保透明度、公平性和责任性的实践和规则框架。企业社会责任的治理也有应用，因为企业发布高质量和全面的企业社会责任报告至关重要。企业在没有企业社会责任广告或企业社会责任报告的情况下，企业社会责任计划不会影响企业的财务表现。这是因为没有意识到企业社会责任项目及其实施的利益相关者(Barney, 1991)。这就是为什么完整的企业社会责任报告作为衡量适当的透明度或治理一直是企业社会责任计划有效的重要组成部分的原因。

在过去的十年中，支出的指数增长是为了加强企业的社会责任，这表明企业社会责任项目有可能产生经济效益。考虑到公司的财务目标是使股东的财富最大化，这一点尤其正确。然而，对CSP和财务业绩的开始进行的实证研究有好有坏。研究结果表明，CFP与CSP之间存在一定的关系。这种关系可以是正关联、不关联和负关联。经验性研究的方法与CFP和CSP的测量最具可比性(Wernerfelt, 1984)。本研究讨论了三个结论中的每一个，并提供了可归因于每个结论的可能原因。

One instance of cause related marketing which has been effective is “Save Lids to Save Lives” (Participating Is Simple, 2012) by Yoplait. The program entails the customers to be collecting and clipping pink lids when they buy Yoplait yogurt and then sending them to General Mills. It will be followed by the General Mills donating ten cents for a period of time to the selected customers for cure.

When a direct donation is made by a corporation for a cause or a charity, it is called corporate philanthropy. The biggest corporate philanthropy was made by the largest chain of grocery store in United States called Kroger (Emerson, 2012). This company donated $64 million that had been 10 percent of their profits. Millions of dollars are shelled out by Kroger every year in funding nonprofits, hospitals, K-12 education, and religious organizations. The served organizations by Kroger include a number of schools, United Way, Boys & Girls Clubs, and Salvation Army.

The social initiatives also include initiatives of product safety, diversity, employee relations and human rights. The companies having strong initiatives towards human rights, having the ensuring of two way communication between corporate executives, customers, and the employees. Additionally, the companies refrain from violating rights, such as fairness, privacy, and child labor.

The initiatives of employee relations are inclusive of robust benefit programs, robust health programs, and good union relations. The initiatives related to diversity include actions in increasing the minority and women population of the company. This initiative also includes their increased representation in the Board of Directors. The initiatives related to the product safety are ensuring of the safe use of the products.

The framework of practices and rules, with which, transparency, fairness, and accountability are ensured by the board of directors in the relationship of the company with its stakeholders. There is application of governance with CSR as there is essentiality that high quality and comprehensive CSR reports are issued by the corporations. A CSR program of a corporation will not be able to affect the financial performance in case there have not been any CSR advertisements or CSR report in some form. This is because there is no awareness of the CSR programs and their implementation with respect to the stakeholders (Barney, 1991). This is the reason why the complete reporting of CSR as a measure of proper transparency or governance has been an essential part of a CSR program to be effective.

The increase of expenditure exponentially is for enhancing the corporation’s social responsibilities in the last decade, is suggestive of the possibility that economic benefits can be derived from the CSR programs. This is particularly true with respect to the consideration that a corporation’s financial objective is maximizing the wealth of the shareholders. However, the studies conducted empirically in relation to the CSP and the starting of the financial performance has been mixed. Based on the results, there is possibility that a relationship exists between CFP and CSP. The relationship can be positive association, no association, and negative association. The studies conducted empirically have the methodology which is most comparable to measure CFP and CSP (Wernerfelt, 1984). Each of the three conclusions is discussed in this study along with the provision of the probable reason attributable to each conclusion.

以上内容就是研究论文代写专家对有效的社会项目的分析。如果留学生们没有足够的时间来完成研究论文，论文代写推荐留学生选择英国论文代写Advancedthesis服务。因为其服务公司的论文创作专家团队由高素质和经验丰富的学术作家组成，保障论文创作质量与合理的论文代写价格。除此之外，还为留学生提供essay代写、assignment代写、研究论文代写等服务，从而让留学生们轻松应对论文写作并创作出专属个人的优秀论文!