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在Fama的研究出现之后，全球各地的研究人员开始调查各个股票市场的股票市场的随机性，以找出国家(Abbas, 2014)的效率形式。然而，大多数研究人员关注的是发达国家和新兴国家，因为中东的股票市场没有受到关注，在研究中受到的关注较少。文献已经证实，对大马士革证券交易所(DSE)的随机性的审查比较少。新兴的股票市场价格波动很大，DSE也很年轻，并且对交易的看法(Abbas, 2014)。因此，对叙利亚股票市场中随机游走的特征进行调查，为对市场效率的实证研究和对中东地区的随机漫步行为做出贡献成为必要。

研究人员使用各种技术来检测线性和非线性依赖(Abbas, 2014)。在异方差和同方差的分布假设中，进行了方差和相关比的估计，并进行了非参数性检验，并利用BDs检验进行了序列相关性的评价。

After the emergence of the Fama’s research, various researchers across the globe started to investigate the stock market randomness across various stock markets to find out the form of efficiency present in the nations (Abbas, 2014). However, majority of the researchers focused on the developed and emerging nations due to which the stock markets of Middle East was left out of the focus and gained less attention within the studies. The literature has established that the examination of the randomness of the Damascus securities exchange (DSE) was less. There is high price volatility in the nascent stock markets and the DSE is both young and think on trading (Abbas, 2014). Therefore, it becomes essential for the investigation of the characteristics of random walk within the equity market of Syria for making contribution to the empirical literature on the market efficiency and random walk behaviour with emphasis on the Middle East region.

The researcher used varied techniques for the detection of both linear and non-linear dependency (Abbas, 2014). The parametric evaluation was performed in which the variance and correlation ratio rests were undertaken for the random walks within the distributional assumptions of the heteroscedasticity and homoscedasticity along with the tests of non-parametric nature made used the BDs test for the evaluation of serial correlation.

论文代写-独立测试

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本文通过对这一假设提供了一些额外的依赖测试。它指出独立测试有两个不同的过程。例如，可以进行纯统计测试。所有这些都被用来详细阐述这个假设是否正确的本质。这是一项重大贡献。

从这篇文章的使用来看，未来关于价格变化分布的研究已经有了两门可能的课程。在本文写作之前，大部分研究都集中在寻找与价格变化经验分布相一致的统计性质的分布(Fama, 1965)。相对而言，花费较少的精力去探索提供经验分布上升的常见过程。在这一视角下，任何一般的价格形成模型都不存在于股票市场中，用来解释价格水平和价格变动在一般经济变量行为上的分布。通过本文提供的建议，可以开发和测试模型，在理论上可以为建立强大的基础做出巨大贡献。本文还建议利用蒙特卡罗技术，建立一个近似的抽样理论。甚至当密度函数相关的显式表达不为人所知时，也会出现这种情况。

本文简要地指出，在不同的情况下，在不同的情况下，对于长尾自然的经验分布频率，在这样的结果下，个体的后续态度是相似的。然而，有效市场假说是最重要的贡献。根据这个假设，如果市场是有效的，那么价格的变化将会立即反映出来，否则他们将不会(Fama, 1965)。

The paper has added by providing some additional dependence tests for this hypothesis. It states that there are two distinct processes for independent testing. Pure statistics test can be carried out for example. All these have been utilized in order to elaborate completely the nature of whether this hypothesis is right or not. This has been a major contribution.
From the use of this article, two possible courses have been taken by future research over price change distribution. Until the writing of this article, most of the research was focused on only finding the distribution of statistical nature which can coincide with price change empirical distributions (Fama, 1965). Relatively there was lesser effort being spent to explore the much common processes providing empirical distribution rise. Within this perspective, any general price formation model did not exist within the market of stocks for explaining the level of price and price changes distribution with regard to the behaviour of general variables of economics. With the suggestions provided in this article, it has been possible to develop and test models that can greatly contribute towards establishment of a strong foundation theoretically. The article also recommended making use of techniques of Monte Carlo in order to develop an approximate theory of sampling. This was suggested even when density functions related explicit expression are not known.

The article in brief stated that provided the empirical distribution frequency of long tailed nature being under observation, in various situations, subsequent attitude of an individual under such results will be similar. Efficient market hypothesis however is the most essential contribution. According to this hypothesis, if market is efficient, then the price changes will immediately reflect or else they will not (Fama, 1965).

代写论文-商业交易

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代写论文 商业交易

人们发现，当伦敦的企业发行股票时，这些组织在第一次商业交易之前就获得了资金。由于英国政府在1825年之前禁止股票发行，这些组织停止向投资者支付股息。然而，伦敦证券交易所最初是在1801年成立的。这导致了伦敦证券交易所在1817年阻止了纽约证券交易所的出现。

代写论文 商业交易

纽约证券交易所自第一天起就开始交易股票。由于缺乏竞争，纽交所成为美国最强大的证券交易所，它在纽约的经济中定位。

代写论文 商业交易

伦敦证券交易所仍然是欧洲国家的主要市场，而纽约证交所仍然是美国和全球的主要交易所。研究人员指出，最初的挑战发生在1971年。金融行业监管机构和全国证券交易商协会成立了纳斯达克证券交易所。

代写论文 商业交易

来自纳斯达克的电子交易在竞争中给个人带来了各种优势。最基本的因素是对买卖价差的减少。大多数泡沫是通过恐慌性抛售造成的，这导致市场下跌，最终崩溃。

代写论文 商业交易

It is found that when the businesses in the London issued shares, the organizations were securing funds before when the first business transaction was made. The organizations stopped the payment of dividends to the investors as a result of which the England government banned the shares issuance till 1825. However, the London Stock Exchange was formed initially in the year of 1801. This resulted in the limited exchange that prevented London Stock Exchange prevents the emergence of New York Stock Exchange in the year of 1817.
The New York Stock Exchange has been trading stocks since the initial day. The NYSE became the strongest stock exchange in the nation due to the lack of competition and it’s positioning within the New York economy.
The London Stock Exchange remained primary market for the European nations while the NYSE remained primary exchange from United States and the globe. The researchers indicate that the initial challenge took place in the year of 1971. The organizations namely Financial Industry Regulatory Authority and National Association of Securities Dealers established the NASDAQ stock exchange.
The electronic trading from NASDAQ provided with various advantages to the individuals over the competition. The essential element was the reduction of the spread for bid-ask. Majority of the bubbles are created through the panic selling that causes the market to decline and eventually crash.

英国代写essay：美体小铺商业活动

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英国代写essay：美体小铺商业活动

美体小铺不断致力于在社交问题上运用新成分向客户推出优秀产品。通过这一战略，公司的目标是以商业和道德方式扩大业务。 Body Shop的价值观融入了他们所执行的每项商业活动中。公司制定的所有战略都有公司一贯的核心原则。首先，公司致力于通过努力帮助保护地球。它将用于捍卫人权，并将促进个人之间的自尊的创造和维持（Isaak，2002）。它强烈反对动物测试的问题，他们认为这是他们公司DNA的一部分，而不仅仅是一项要执行的工作。 The Body Shop通过其“社区贸易”在全球范围内与边缘化社区建立可持续贸易关系，这是一个公平交易计划，可帮助贸易伙伴满足礼品和配件的需求等。公司具有为世界提供服务的价值例如，如果他们想通过将这些变化变为现实的能力来确信变化（Spedding，2014）。企业必须确保他们的活动必须保持生物圈层的宜居氛围。

英国代写essay：美体小铺商业活动
Body Shop的核心配置有三个主题（Bergqvist，2014）。这些是：

i）成为改变发起人。
ii）应避免使用传统渠道。
iii）吸引女性消费者，这些女性消费者可以是忠诚的，环境友好型的客户，要求在令人兴奋的，有趣的，充满爱心和诚实的购物环境中放松。

英国代写essay：美体小铺商业活动

The Body Shop works continuously for launching outstanding products to its customers with new ingredients while campaigning on social issues. With this strategy the company aims to expand its business in commercial and ethical manner. The Body Shop has its values incorporated in every business activity they perform. All the strategies formulated by the company have some core principles with which the company always works. These are Firstly the company is committed to help in protecting the planet Earth through its efforts. It will work for defending human rights and will promote creation and maintenance of self esteem among individuals (Isaak, 2002). It works strongly against the issue of animal testing which they consider as a part of their corporate DNA and not just a job to be performed. The Body Shop formulates sustainable trading relationships throughout the world with marginalized communities through its ‘Community Trade’ which is a fair trade program which helps the trading partners in satisfying the demands for gifts and accessories etc. The company has the value of providing the world with example if they are to be convinced for any changes through the power of business of bringing those changes into reality (Spedding, 2014). Businesses must ensure that their activities must maintain the biosphere layer of atmosphere liveable.

英国代写essay：美体小铺商业活动
The Body Shop works with three themes at its core configuration (Bergqvist, 2014). These are:

i)Be a change initiator.
ii)Traditional channels should be avoided.
iii)Being appealing to female consumers which can be loyal and environment friendly clients having demands of relaxing with an exciting, fun loving and honest shopping environment.

英国代写essay：特洛伊木马软件

英国代写essay：特洛伊木马软件

特洛伊木马软件也是一种隐藏恶意代码的有效载荷，同时表现出合法行为。 Trojan经常安装后门程序，允许以秘密方式访问黑客（Ryuet al。，2009）。它有助于将受害者计算机添加到僵尸计算机的网络中，该计算机稍后用于启动大规模DDoS攻击或发送垃圾邮件。它也有动机从主机系统获取大量垃圾邮件的电子邮件地址。

英国代写essay：特洛伊木马软件
僵尸网络背后的主要动机是为犯罪分子和恐怖分子破坏国家工作的能力积累资金，在全国范围内传播混乱以及造成伤害。随着僵尸网络和高技能和有组织犯罪攻击者的不断复杂化，作为病毒，特洛伊木马，网络入侵，蠕虫等蠕虫的强大威胁依然延续到互联网安全和隐私（Collins等，2012）。攻击者数量众多，更复杂，难以识别，拥有更好的收费和拥有大量机器人军队，从而触发单个无人机或僵尸进行各种类型的攻击，不仅限于DDoS，发送垃圾邮件，传递，身份盗用，点击欺诈等。僵尸网络背后的主要动机是金钱，但现在随着新技术和新时代的发展，新的战争时代已经成为网络战争（Railkaret al。，2013）。现在，僵尸网络可以用于潜在的政治/经济网络战争或间谍活动，从而获得全球任何国家或组织的支持。现在这已经构成了严重的威胁，因为如果数字网络或基础设施停机或损坏，那么现在每个信息都是数字化的，那么对任何国家或组织都是危险的。

英国代写essay：特洛伊木马软件

A Trojan also a piece of software conceals a payload of malicious coding while appearing to perform a legitimate action. Trojan often install backdoor programs which allow access to the hackers in secret way.(Ryuet al., 2009) It helps in adding the victim computers in a network of zombie’s computer which later used in order to launch massive DDoS attacks or send spams. It has motives also to harvest email addresses from the host system for massive spamming.

英国代写essay：特洛伊木马软件
The major motive behind the botnet is accumulating money for criminals and terrorist’s disrupting ability for the nation’s work and spreading chaos among the nation as well as causing harm. With the continuous sophistication of botnets and highly skilled and organized criminal attacker, a powerful threat as the form viruses, Trojan horse, network intrusion, worms are still persisted to the internet security and privacy (Collins et al., 2012). Attackers are numerous, more sophisticated, harder to identify, have better toll and possessing large size of army of bots and thus trigger the command the individual drone or zombies to carry out the various type of attack not only limited to DDoS, spamming, passing, identity theft, click fraud, etc. The earlier major motive behind the botnet were the money but now with new changed technologies and time, the new era of warfare has emerged as cyber war (Railkaret al.,2013). Now botnets can be used for potential political/economic cyber war or espionage gain any country or an organization across the globe. This has posed a grave threat nowadays because now every information is digitalized if the digital network or infrastructure is down or corrupted then it will be dangerous for any country or an organization.

英国代写essay：互联网广告

英国代写essay：互联网广告

自2000年以来互联网蓬勃发展，营销人员和广告商开始考虑互联网在广告领域的重要性。互联网广告已经广泛传播，这就是传统媒体受到很大影响的原因。互联网广告收入每年增长20％（Interactive Advertising Bureau，2003）。起初，营销人员和广告商认为它已经危及传统媒体;但它为传统媒体提供了合作的机会，以最大限度地发挥广告的价值。调查显示，63.6％的消费者因传统媒体（如电视，广播和报纸）的广告而购买产品。然而，61.1％的消费者在购买产品前会在网上进行研究。（eMarketer，2012）。

英国代写essay：互联网广告
关键词广告是互联网广告的例子之一。关键词的特点是简单易记。更重要的是，它简化了来自公司的复杂信息并且也很有效。例如，在2006年底，关键字广告从日本引入到台湾。作为第一家在台湾电视广告中使用关键字广告的公司，汇丰银行个人银行在几周内达到了年度客户的目标。因此，关键字广告在台湾各地广泛使用。因此，它大大有利于双方。
同样，关键字广告已在英国使用。在2011年，英国所有印刷和电视广告中有65％包含URL（统一资源定位器）。根据2013年Twitter的一项研究，Twitter用户从2012年的1000万增加到了英国的1500万。

英国代写essay：互联网广告

While internet had burgeoned since the year 2000, marketers and advertisers have started to consider the importance of internet in the field of advertising. Internet advertising had spread broadly and that’s the reason why traditional media has been affected largely. The revenue of internet advertising has seen a 20% growth per year (Interactive Advertising Bureau, 2003). At first, marketers and advertisers thought it has endangered the traditional media; but it has rendered a chance to the traditional media to cooperate in order to maximize the value of advertising. Survey shows that 63.6% consumers purchase a product because of commercials in the traditional media such as television, radio and newspapers. However, 61.1% consumer will do research online before they purchase a product. (eMarketer, 2012).

英国代写essay：互联网广告
Keywords advertising is one of the examples of internet advertising. The features of keywords are that it is simple and could be memorized easily. More importantly, it simplifies the complex messages from company and is effective too. For instance, at the end of the year 2006, keywords advertising was introduced from Japan to Taiwan. HSBC Personal Banking, as the first company used keywords advertising in television commercial in Taiwan reached its objective of annual customers in few weeks. Since that, keywords advertising is being used extensively everywhere in Taiwan. As a result, it benefits both sides greatly.
Likewise, keywords advertising has been used in the UK. In 2011, 65% of all UK print and television advertisements included a URL (Uniform resource locator). According to a study from twitter in 2013, twitter users increased to 15 million in the UK from 10 million in 2012.

英国代写essay：阅读和写作技巧

英国代写essay：阅读和写作技巧

我们的阅读和写作技巧可以帮助我们进行学术研究。学习也是一种技巧。我们有时候并没有意识到，但是这些技能决定了我们在事业和生活中的成功。我们在阅读和写作方面的好坏决定了我们的成绩。我们可以改进和提高我们的技能吗？这是试图从个人角度来理解这一切。
尽管我们大部分时间都在阅读和写作，但我们阅读和写作英语的方式仍然存在一些基本错误。汉语和英语的思维过程存在差异。句子的语法，构造和组织 – 这些都是不同的。如果照顾到这些弱点，我们将能够更好地学习并取得更好的成绩。这将有助于我们的学术成绩，我们在大学以外的生活中也会做得更好。

英国代写essay：阅读和写作技巧
SWOT分析我的阅读技巧：
实力：我可以阅读有组织的想法并且很好地理解他们。英语是我的第二语言，但我能理解。我喜欢阅读新鲜有趣的东西。我喜欢英语，我有必要的坚持，使我能够通过字典和词库来了解我迷惑时的意义。
弱点：我有时会跳过单词或一些短语，对我来说感觉陌生。然后，我必须找出其他例子，并在正确的背景下理解这些单词。另外，我有时会以封面来判断一本书。我不喜欢严肃而悲伤的文学。
机会：我有丰富的中国背景，我有机会在新的背景下阅读和学习一门新语言。这很有趣。新词，有时候会有同样的感受。
威胁：有时当我阅读英文时，与阅读中文非常不同。有时候我觉得我不正确或深刻地理解它 – 以正确的方式。

英国代写essay：阅读和写作技巧

Our reading and writing skills help us with our academic study. Learning is also a skill. We sometimes do not realize, but these skills decide how successful we will be in our career and in our life. How good or bad we are in reading and writing decides our grades. Can we improve and enhance our skills? Here is an attempt to understand it all from a personal point of view.
Though we have been reading and writing most of our lives, there still are some basic mistakes in the ways we read and write English. There are differences in thinking processes of Chinese language and English language. The grammar, construction, and organization of sentences- these are all different. If these weaknesses are taken care of, we would be able to learn better and score better marks. It would help us in our academic stint and we would do better in life outside college too.

英国代写essay：阅读和写作技巧
SWOT Analysis of my reading skill:
Strength: I can read organized thoughts and understand them well. English is my second language but I can understand it well. I like reading new and fun things. I love English language and I have necessary persistence that enables me to look through dictionaries and thesaurus to understand meaning when I am confused.
Weakness: I sometimes skip words or some phrases feel alien to me. Then I have to find out other examples and understand the words in right context. Also I sometimes judge a book by its cover. I do not like serious and sad literature.
Opportunities: I have a rich Chinese background and I have the opportunity to read and learn a new language in a new context. It is very interesting. New words, same feelings sometimes.
Threats: Sometimes when I read English, It is very different from reading in Chinese. Sometimes I feel I do not understand it correctly or deeply – in the right way.

英国代写essay：公司法

英国代写essay：公司法

在本案中需要决定的问题是乔治是否违反了他作为伊斯灵顿有限公司董事的任何职责。作为伊斯灵顿有限公司的董事，乔治与Maggi达成了一项协议，他们创立了自己的公司Fon PLC。之后Islington Ltd.开始知道George拥有Fon Plc的股份。
在这方面已经规定了董事的几项职责。这些是（i）在权力内行事的义务; （ii）促进公司成功的责任; （iii）行使独立判断的责任; （iv）有责任保持合理的谨慎，技巧和勤奋; （v）避免冲突的责任; （vi）披露交易冲突的义务和（vii）董事在接受第三方利益的同时承担的责任。

英国代写essay：公司法
例如，“公司法”第175条规定董事有义务避免利益冲突。在这方面，本节规定，董事需要避免出现与公司利益冲突的直接或间接利益。同时，第175（2）条规定，这一要求也特别适用于利用任何机会，信息或财产。同时，这一规定还提到，在这方面，如果公司能够利用这种机会，信息或财产，这并不重要。
鉴于这些规定，公司的董事必须避免与公司的利益发生冲突。这是一个非常宽泛的措辞，包括实际和潜在的利益冲突。同样，这种责任适用于利益冲突和责任冲突。

英国代写essay：公司法

The issue that needs to be decided in the present case is if George has breached any of his duties as the director of Islington Ltd. As a director of Islington Ltd., George entered into an agreement with Maggi and they started their own company, Fon Plc. Later on Islington Ltd. comes to know that George owns shares in Fon Plc.
There are several duties of the directors that have been prescribed in this regard. These are (i) the duty to act within powers; (ii) the duty to promote the success of the company; (iii) duty to exercise independent judgment; (iv) duty to exercise reasonable care, skill and diligence; (v) duty to avoid a situation of conflict; (vi) duty to disclose the transactional conflict and (vii) the duty of directors while accepting benefits from third parties.

英国代写essay：公司法
For example, s 175 of the Companies Act prescribes the duty of the directors to stay away from conflicts of interest. In this regard, this section provides that a director needs to avoid situations where direct or indirect interest could be present that is in conflict with companies’ interests. At the same time, s175(2) prescribes that this requirement also applies particularly to the exploitation of any opportunity, information or property. At the same time, this provision also mentions that in this regard it is not material if the company could have taken the advantage of such opportunity, information or property.
In view of these provisions, the directors of companies are required to avoid circumstances where there can be a conflict of interestwith that of the company. This is a very wide wording and includes actual as well as potential conflicts of interest. In the same way, this duty applies to a conflict of interest and that of a duty.

英国代写essay：经济监管