英国代写：毕加索作品中的立体主义

英国代写：毕加索作品中的立体主义。巴勃罗·毕加索是立体主义的共同创造者之一，英国代写分析了在巴勃罗·毕加索作品中观察到的立体主义方面。立体主义是20世纪早期的一种艺术运动，当时的艺术家通过让空间围绕物体表现形式来采用一种更开放的可视化形式(the art Story, 2017)。这是一场从艺术透视风格的运动，自文艺复兴时期以来一直占主导地位。接下来英国代写专家将对毕加索作品中的立体主义进行以下分析。

巴勃罗·毕加索于1881年出生于西班牙。他在西班牙和法国以艺术家的身份生活，创作了2万多幅油画、素描和雕塑。他的艺术作品涵盖了广泛的风格，他是为数不多的能够全面记录他的艺术作品和发展的艺术家之一(PabloPicasso, 2009)。他的艺术开始于现实主义的技术和象征主义的艺术作品在他年轻的时候。后来在法国，他把现代主义融入到他的艺术作品中，在一个饥饿的艺术家的岁月里，他发展了单色色调的忧郁绘画。他的一些作品如《人生》描绘了他对当时生活的悲观看法。这一时期被称为“蓝色时期”，从1901年至1904年(PabloPicasso, 2009)。在后来的玫瑰时期(1904-1906)，他创作了一些更加欢快的艺术作品。他在作品中使用了橙色和粉色的色调，《格特鲁德·斯坦因的肖像》就是这一时期的典范之一。在1907-1909年的后期，毕加索探索了艺术家保罗·塞尚的成就，并通过他开始理解对人体的程式化处理。这被称为非洲时期。

立体主义和巴勃罗·毕加索

非洲的影响是毕加索走向立体派的原因。毕加索从人物的程式化处理中获得灵感，创作了《阿维尼翁的少女》。这幅画大概是五个裸体女人。这些人物以一种扁平的分裂方式组成，脸部看起来像是非洲面具和伊比利亚面具文化的混合体。女性的身体以一种扭曲的方式呈现，它的形状也是几何的(Foster et al.， 2012)。传统艺术的形式和表现在这里完全被抛弃了。原始主义在图片中被看到，透视被交换为二维平面。这被认为是一件非常创新的艺术作品，毕加索本人觉得这把他从更经典的技术中解放出来，他在法国工作时受到了影响。这些绘画形式后来引领了立体主义的潮流。

立体派早期的许多艺术作品都探索了类似的风格，尖锐的人物和物体在一端与背景融合，在另一端显示一个投影表面。立体派画家将角度和物体与环境中程式化的人类联系在一起。现代世界的空间、运动和时间都在变化，其影响在立体主义中可见一斑。对人体的抽象、简化和风格化的表现，启发了巴勃罗·毕加索(Pablo Picasso)，也是立体派的灵感来源(Cooper, 1971)。

毕加索对立体主义的直接影响来自他1907年在《阿维尼翁的少女》中的作品。作品对人的彻底扭曲的风格与古典技术形成了鲜明的对比(Chave, 1994)。碎片化的几何平面、柔和的色彩等等被认为对布拉克这样的艺术家产生了影响。布拉克受到毕加索作品的启发，在20世纪初创作了风景画，直接影响了毕加索的作品。埃斯塔克的这座房子以柔和的立方体形式呈现树木和山脉，被法国评论家路易斯·沃克斯塞勒命名为“奇异立方体”。19世纪的巴勃罗·毕加索对立体主义产生了多种影响。古老和部落的艺术形式挑战了文艺复兴艺术的传统(Galenson & Weinberg, 2001)。立体主义的第二种形式叫做合成立体主义色彩变得很重要。没有画的物体和有颜色的物体被做成拼贴画。毕加索对主流绘画技法提出了激进而富有挑战性的想法，开创了立体主义的新趋势。

作品从毕加索早期的影响，法国的影响，再到后来的立体主义艺术形式，讨论了毕加索的生平和艺术成就。他是立体主义的共同创造者，他的《阿维尼翁少女》被认为是立体主义的灵感来源。

Pablo Picasso was born in Spain in the year 1881. He lived his life as an artist in Spain and later in France and has created more than 20,000 paintings, drawings and sculptures. His art works encompassed a wide range of styles and he is only one of very few artists that had managed to have a comprehensive record of his art work and developments (PabloPicasso, 2009). He started his art with the realism technique and the symbolist influences of artwork in his young age. Later in France, he incorporated modernism in his art works and in the years of a starving artist, he developed sombre paintings in monochromatic shades. Some of his works like La Vie portray the gloomy outlook he had on life at that time. This time period is called the Blue period, lasting from 1901-1904 (PabloPicasso, 2009). Later in the Rose Period (1904-1906) he developed art works that were more cheerful. He made use of orange and pink hues in his work, and the Portrait of Gertrude Stein is one of the exemplars of this time. In the later years from 1907-1909, Picasso explored the achievements of artist Paul Cezanne and through him came to understand stylized treatments of the human body. This is called the African period.

African influence was what led Picasso to Cubism. After getting inspired by the stylized treatments of the human figure, Picasso created the Les Demoiselles d’Avignon. The painting was about five naked women. The figures were composed in a flat splintered way and the faces appeared like a mix of African masks and Iberian masks culture. The female body is presented in a distorted way, and it was geometric in its shape as well (Foster et al., 2012). Form and representation of traditional art were totally abandoned here. A primitivism is seen in the picture and perspective was traded for a two-dimensional plane. It was considered a very innovative work of art and Picasso himself felt that it liberated him from the more classic techniques that he was influenced into working in France. These forms of paintings later came to set the trend for Cubism.

Much of the early art work of the Cubists explored similar styles of piercing figures and objects that blended with the background at one end and showed a projective surface at the others. Cubists worked with angles and objects with stylized humans in context. Space, movement and time in the modern world were changing and its effects were observed in cubism. Abstract, simplified and stylized representations of the human body that had inspired Pablo Picasso were also an inspiration for the Cubists (Cooper, 1971).

Picasso’s direct influence on Cubism is from his work in the Les Demoiselles d’ Avignon in 1907. The work’s style of radical distortion of humans was a sharp contrast from the classical techniques (Chave, 1994). Fragmented, geometric planes, subdued colors and more were seen to be an influence on artists like Braque. Braque was inspired by Picasso’s work and he created landscape paintings in the beginning of the twentieth century as a direct influence form Picasso’s work. The House at L’Estaque with trees and mountains in subdued forms of cubes was named by French critic Louis Vauxcelles as the “bizarreries cubiques’. A mix of influences was projected on Cubism by Pablo Picasso from the nineteenth century. Archaic and tribal art forms challenged the conventions of renaissance art (Galenson & Weinberg, 2001). In the second form of cubism called synthetic cubism color become important. Non-painted objects and colored objects were made into a collage. Picasso gave radical and challenging ideas to the main stream techniques and created a new trend in cubism.

The work discussed the life and art achievements of Pablo Picasso, starting from his early influences, the French influence and then the latter cubism art forms. A co-creator of Cubism, his Les Demoiselles d’Avignon which is considered as an inspiration of the Cubism was discussed here.

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