英国代写assignment：感知易用性

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英国代写assignment：感知易用性

最早采用新技术的理论之一是Davis，Bagozzi和Warshaw（1989）提出的技术接受模型。该模型是基于社会心理学理论和计划行为理论，并建议任何技术的接受取决于两个因素，包括“技术的有用性的感知”以及该技术的“感知的易用性”（戴维斯，Bagozzi和Warshaw，1989）。这里的感知有用性意味着可能使用该技术的人认为该技术会提高他或她的表现的程度（Davis等，1989）。感知易用性意味着一个人认为该技术使用起来容易和舒适的程度（Davis et al。1989）。对TAM模型的有效性进行的实证研究表明了积极的结果。例如Adamson和Shine（2003）发现证据表明，银行信息系统的感知有用性和易用性改善了客户对新的银行信息系统的态度。同样，Hsu和Lu（2005）发现，消费者发现有用性和易用性是购买在线视频游戏的主要因素。

英国代写assignment：感知易用性

然而，其他研究如周和胡（2001）发现使用方便和积极的态度对采用新的信息技术没有关系。此外，在另一项研究中，Lee和Lehto（2013）在首次使用YouTube进行学习的研究中发现，尽管由于YouTube的内容和信息丰富度而被认为有用，却是对YouTube产生积极态度的一个因素，使用不是主要因素。因此，除了感知有用性或易用性之外，其他因素可能在采用新技术方面发挥作用。

英国代写assignment：感知易用性

One of the first theories on adoption of new technologies is the Technology Acceptance Model forwarded by Davis, Bagozzi and Warshaw (1989). The model is based on social psychology theories and also planned behaviour theories and suggests that the acceptance of any technology depends on two factors including the “perception of usefulness of the technology” as well as the “perceived ease of use” of the technology (Davis, Bagozzi, and Warshaw, 1989). Perceived usefulness here means that the extent to which the person who is likely to use the technology believes that the technology will improve his or her performance (Davis et al. 1989). Perceived ease of use means the degree to which a person believes that the technology is easy and comfortable to use (Davis et al. 1989). Empirical studies conducted on the validity of the TAM model indicated positive results. For instance Adamson and Shine (2003) found evidence that that perceived usefulness and ease of use of banking information systems improved customers’ attitude towards new banking information systems. Likewise, Hsu and Lu (2005) found that consumers found usefulness and ease of use to be the main factors in their purchase attitudes towards the purchase of online video games.

英国代写assignment：感知易用性

However, other studies such as Chau and Hu (2001) found no relationship between ease of use and positive attitudes towards adoption of new information technologies. Furthermore in another study, Lee and Lehto (2013) found in a study of using YouTube for the first time for learning purpose, that whilst perceived usefulness due to YouTube’s content and information richness was linked was a factor in generating positive attitudes towards YouTube, ease of use was not a major factor. Therefore it is possible that factors other than perceived usefulness or ease of use played a role in the adoption of new technologies.

英国代写assignment：一线员工

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英国代写assignment：一线员工

服务性能的好坏不仅影响满意度对顾客的忠诚度，这意味着一线员工是企业成功的关键（exandrov，Babakus，亚瓦斯，2007）。一个服务失败的后果可能会导致客户停止购买产品或告诉其他客户的不满（kirkbir和幻灯，2007）。目前的市场竞争非常激烈。为了确保新一代的消费者对他们的产品和服务有吸引力，商家们正在推出竞争性的做法。在这方面，保留现有的消费者部分成为一项挑战。当一线员工不满足现有消费群体的需求时，消费者可能不再忠诚，因为他们在别处拥有价格明智和产品明智的竞争选择。

英国代写assignment：一线员工

事实上，目前的研究表明，最近的经济衰退已经导致了一个国家，消费者最终挂甚至最常见的趋势的购买选择的商店，提供具有竞争力的价格和其他地方的一线员工是有助于使他们能够找到合适的产品（亚瓦斯et al，2011）。在这种情况下，在分析影响一线员工服务质量的因素时，首先要考虑的是一线员工必须如何对待消费者。这是很难回答，因为一线员工往往在购物环境、服务中心等各部门的参与，所以没有固定的方式来提高服务质量（卡拉泰佩，Babakus，和亚瓦斯，2012）。服务质量的改善将取决于许多不同的因素，特设的建设将需要提高前线雇员的服务质量。

英国代写assignment：一线员工

The good or bad performance of services can impact not only satisfaction also on the customer’s loyalty, which means the frontline employees as being critical to business success (Exandrov, Babakus, and Yavas, 2007). The consequence of a service failure could be lead to customers stop buying the product or telling other customers about the dissatisfaction (Kirkbir and Cengiz, 2007). The current market is very competitive. Businesses are coming up with competitive practices in order to ensure that newer segments of consumers are attracted towards their products and services. In this context retention of existing consumer segments becomes a challenge. Here when front line employees do not meet the needs of existing consumer segments, the consumer might no be loyal anymore as they have price wise and product wise competitive choices elsewhere.

英国代写assignment：一线员工

In fact current research indicates that the more recent economical decline has led to a state where consumers ended up hanging even their most common trend of purchasing opting for shops that offered competitive prices and others where the frontline employees were helpful in enabling them to find the right product (Yavas et al, 2011). In such cases an important question to consider when analyzing the factors affecting the service quality of frontline employees is that of how the frontline employee must act towards a consumer. This is something that would be difficult to answer because frontline employees are often involved in various departments in a shopping environment or in a service centre etc, so there is not fixed way to improve service quality (Karatepe, Babakus, & Yavas, 2012). The service quality improvement would depend on many diverse factors and ad-hoc constructions would be required to improve the service quality of frontline employees.

英国代写assignment：管理概念案例

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英国代写assignment：管理概念案例

介绍
Chatime是澳大利亚的一家台湾茶叶连锁店，当地的特许经营商Charley Zhao希望将其打造成为连锁店的星巴克。他目前正瞄准澳大利亚的亚洲人口，把Chatime定位为一个利基细分市场。这个观点可以被看作是赵想要出现的一个亚洲的鸽子洞。他想把加盟商定位为主流澳大利亚人的主要连锁店。但是，从亚洲客户群转向主流澳大利亚人并不容易。 Chatime应重新定位，以迎合澳大利亚主流人口的文化，需求，需求和偏好。需要通过充分的市场调研来帮助做出关键决策，从而实现彻底的SMART计划流程。规划过程就是弥补当前情况和Chaitime应该定位在茶店连锁星巴克之间的差距。

问题识别
Chatime加盟商的目标是成为热门的茶吧连锁店，就像星巴克咖啡连锁店一样。然而，市场营销和特许经营专家认为，还需要走一段相当长的距离才能使Chatime适合澳大利亚的主流市场。这项研究是需要做出什么调整才能使Chatime适应主流市场（Brandon，2004）。目前，Chatime正瞄准以中国人口为主的亚洲澳大利亚市场。 Chatime店铺开业的地区主要是亚洲人口。
赵向主流市场的目标，认为澳大利亚的主流人口将拥抱茶品牌。不过，他的加盟商对他的说法持怀疑态度。需要进行市场调查来衡量与Chatime产品相关的主流消费者偏好（Malhotra，Peterson和Kleiser，1999）。

英国代写assignment：管理概念案例

Introduction
The Chatime is a Taiwanese tea shop chain in Australia, which the local master franchisor Charlley Zhao wants to make it the Starbucks of tea shop chains. He is currently targeting the Asian population of Australia and positioning the Chatime as a niche segment player. This view can be seen as an Asian pigeonhole from which Zhao wants to emerge. He wants to position the franchisee as a staple tea shop chain for the mainstream Australians. But switching from the Asian customer base to the mainstream Australians is not easy. The Chatime should be repositioned so that it caters to the culture, needs, wants and preferences of the broad demographics of the mainstream Australians. A thorough and SMART planning process is required that is helped by adequate market research in helping to take critical decisions. The planning process is way to meeting gaps between the current scenario and where Chaitime should be positioned in order to be the Starbucks of tea shop chains.

Issue Identification
The aim of the Chatime franchisee is to become popular chain of tea bars, much like what Starbucks is to the coffee shop chains. However, the experts of marketing and franchising opine that a fair distance still needs to be traversed to make Chatime to fit into the mainstream market of Australia. The research is needed as what adjustments are required to enable Chatime fitting into the mainstream market (Brandon, 2004). Currently, Chatime is targeting Asian Australian market that is predominated by the Chinese population. The localities, where the Chatime shops are opened are dominated by the Asian population.
Zhao aims for the mainstream market and thinks the mainstream population of Australia will embrace the tea brand. However, his franchisees are skeptical regarding his claims. The market research needs to be carried out to gauge the mainstream consumer preferences related to the product range Chatime offers (Malhotra, Peterson, & Kleiser, 1999).

英国代写assignment：消费者偏好

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英国代写assignment：消费者偏好

“消费者行为本质上是指人们如何以及为什么做出购买决定。营销人员努力了解这种行为，以便他们能够更好地制定适当的营销刺激措施，从而提高销售额和品牌忠诚度（Mason，2015）。有机食品市场的研究一直集中在目标消费者的消费行为趋势上。 Kaiser和Wilson（2000）关注有机食品在文化方面的驱动因素。这里的重点是不同的文化是否会激励人们消费有机食品，其他人可能不会被动机购买。这里的作者试图研究如何生态行为将有助于选择的偏好，以及如何可以跨文化的变化。然而，这种对自然有益的看法可能不是人们选择有机食品的唯一原因。有机食品的选择可以根据年龄，班级，性别研究水平，收入和更多。研究集中在消费者购买某些类型食品的心理动机上。大多数消费者喜欢高质量的食物，而购买优质食物产品则经常引用健康问题。 Krystallis和Ness（2004）能够确定如何购买某些食物有一些关键的动机决定。作者试图通过进行目标产品调查来映射消费者偏好，其中分析产品质量的外在和内在线索以影响消费者动机。消费者带来了他们认为质量很高，健康的食品，也可以称得上满意的道德意识。他们还专注于他们所做的食物选择的美味。

英国代写assignment：消费者偏好

“Consumer behavior essentially refers to how and why people make the purchase decisions they do. Marketers strive to understand this behavior so they can better formulate appropriate marketing stimuli that will result in increased sales and brand loyalty” (Mason, 2015). Research on organic food markets have been focused on the consumption behavior trends of the target consumers. Kaiser and Wilson (2000) focus on the drivers of consumption for organic food with respect to culture. The focus here is on whether different cultures will motivate people to consumer organic food which others might not be motivated to buy. Authors here attempt to study how the ecological behavior will contribute preference for choices and how there could be cross cultural variations. However this perception of what is good for the nature may not be the only reason behind why people make organic food choices. Organic food choices may be made based on the age, the class, gender study level, income and more also. Research studies have focused on the psychological motivations of the consumer towards buying certain types of food. High quality food is preferred by most consumers and health concerns are often cited for purchasing quality food products. Krystallis and Ness (2004) were able to establish how there were some key motivational decisions for the purchase of some food. The authors attempt to map the consumer preferences by conducting an target product survey where both extrinsic and intrinsic cues of the product quality were analyzed for influencing consumer motivations. Consumers brought food that they thought had a very high quality, and were healthy and could also be rated as satisfying ethical consciousness. They also focused on the tastiness aspect of the food choice they made.

英国代写assignment：合同的法律约束力

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英国代写assignment：合同的法律约束力

在普通法中，合同可以被定义为双方之间具有法律约束力的协议。在合同生效之前，应该履行的条件很少。根据弗里德曼（Friedman，2011）的说法，合同的缔约方必须签订具有法律约束力的合同。合同的关键部分是报价，接受和考虑。
提供
在创立合同之前，消费者必须提出要约，如果交易者以某一价格接受，则双方都有合同。
验收
合同双方之间的合同只有在接受合同的情况下才能实现。
考虑
考虑意味着双方必须做某件事情或承诺做一件他们打算具有法律约束力的事情
应用于场景
罗斯和弗朗西斯
罗斯和弗朗西斯的情况是由于弗朗西斯没有考虑和接受而给予治疗的邀请。弗朗西斯不应该因为展示广告而出售商品。这确实意味着罗斯被邀请提出要约，但罗斯和弗朗西斯之间没有法律上的约束性协议。
哈丽特和弗朗西斯
在哈里特和弗朗西斯的情况下，有一个具有法律约束力的协议。这是因为哈丽特已经签了信，并承诺支付30万美元的联体别墅。虽然在提议被接受的时候可能不需要支付，但是哈里特有义务在以后支付。哈里特与弗朗西斯之间的合同于2014年9月7日签署。

英国代写assignment：合同的法律约束力

In common law, a contract can be defined as a legally binding agreement between two parties. There are few very important conditions that should be fulfilled before a contract becomes valid. According to Friedman (2011), Parties to a contract have to make a contract that is legally binding in nature. The key parts of a contract are offer, acceptance and consideration.
Offer
Prior to creation of a contract, a consumer has to make an offer and if the trader accepts it for a certain price, than the parties have a contract.
Acceptance
The contract between parties to a contract can only be materialized if an offer is accepted.
Consideration
Consideration means that both parties must do something or promise to do something which they intend to be legally binding
Application to the scenario
Ross and Francis
The case of Ross and Francis is an invitation to treat because there was no consideration and acceptance from Francis. Francis is not supposed to sell the goods just because there is an advertisement on display. It does mean that Ross was invited to make an offer but there is no legally binding agreement between Ross and Francis.
Harriet and Francis
In the case of Harriet and Francis, there is a legally binding agreement. It is because Harriet has signed the letter and promised to pay the $300,000 for Townhouse. Though payment may not have to be made when the offer was accepted but Harriet is bound to pay later on. The contract between Harriet and Francis was signed on 7 September 2014.

英国代写assignment：竞争策略

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英国代写assignment：竞争策略

无与伦比：由于许多组织正在为娱乐系统而努力，因此可以被认为是独一无二的。然而，重要的是要指出，这些尝试都没有成功地带来类似的效率水平。

组织：这可以同意，因为丰田的组织已经成功地利用这个特定的系统，几乎从20世纪60年代，随着时间的推移已经开始完善。

竞争的含义：这有助于创造与可持续发展的竞争优势。

基于时间的竞争策略：既包含了这两者的过程，缩短了周期时间，又降低了成本，而利润的增长和增长的加速（Maynard2010）。

有价值的：这可以被认同，因为TBC有助于创造更多的价值差异，提高灵活性和多样性，并增加与客户基础保持良好关系的力度。

罕见：这一点不能被同意，因为这个系统也被其他组织使用。但是，丰田与一些基于亚洲的组织一起被认为是其中的一个（Ando2005）。

无可限量：戴尔和沃尔玛等其他一些组织也不能就此达成一致，因为戴尔和沃尔玛利用基于时间的消费策略来提高其在本行业中在市场上的领先份额。

组织：这一点可以同意，因为组织采取了战略，取得了显着的成功。

竞争的影响：这有助于创造竞争力的平等。

英国代写assignment：竞争策略

Inimitable: It can be considered as being inimitable as a number of organizations have been putting in efforts for the recreation of system. However, it is important to note that none of these attempts have succeeded in bringing the similar level of efficiency.

Organization: This can be agreed to as the organization of Toyota has been successfully utilizing this particular system almost since the years of 1960s and have been initiating perfection with the passage of time.

Implication of competition: This contributes in creating a competitive advantage with sustainability.

The Strategy of Time- Based Competition: Those processes that have an inclusion of both, reduced time of cycle and reduced amounts of costs, while there is an increase in the amount of profits and there is acceleration of growth(Maynard2010).

Valuable: This can be agreed as TBC contributes in the creation of increased differentiation of value, increase in the level of flexibility and variety, and increase in the strength of relationships being maintained with the base of customers.

Rare: This point cannot be agreed to as this system is being used by other organizations as well. However, Toyota along with a number of organizations based in Asia was known to be one of the ones for the utilization (Ando2005).

Inimitable: This point cannot be agreed to as a number of other organizations like Dell and Wal-Mart utilize the strategy of consumption based on time for improving their leading share in the market with respect to their own industries.

Organization: This point can be agreed to as there has been adoption of strategy by the organization and has availed significantly high level of success.

Implications of the competition: This contributes in creating the competitive parity.

 

英国代写assignment：性别平等

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英国代写assignment：性别平等

公司监管部门越来越重视对董事会性别平等（terjensen、锡利和Singh，2009）。这一事实贴切的例子就是国家，挪威和西班牙，介绍了船上的女员工特别配额（terjensen、锡利和Singh，2009）。除了当局对女性代表权的管制之外，在所有部门给予妇女平等代表的社会压力也已成为增加妇女在船上的百分比的一个主要因素。史葛（1995）说，根据合法性理论，当公司发现自己不一致，或危及未来的不一致，以及社会的期望和标准时，公司将重点放在业务和规章上。由于这一事实，大公司选择性别平等在他们的董事会保持在社会合法性的压力（希尔曼，什罗普郡CANNELLA，2007）。

许多研究人员发现，性别差异是企业在世界上增加声誉和价值的事实。许多理论方法被含蓄地用来解释上述事实。组织的研究表明，女性在董事会可以通过暴露板全新的视角和思路改进流程；他们可以通过他们的倾向，注重独立思考能力和处理困难的问题，他们可以证明在人际交往中表现的很好（亚当斯和Ferriera，2009；Hillman等，2007；湖色，索伯格2005；terjensen et al，2009）。在行为金融学的研究中，众所周知，男女的风险承担和决策倾向之间存在差异。这种差异导致积极性和性别差异的情况下，板工艺的改进（Barber，2001；布鲁克斯和Odean，赞克，2005；Jianakopolos，Bernasek，1998）。

英国代写assignment：性别平等

The corporate world regulatory authorities are paying more attention towards gender equality on board (Terjensen, Sealy and Singh, 2009). The apposite example of this fact is that the countries, Norway and Spain, have introduced a particular quota for female employees on board (Terjensen, Sealy and Singh, 2009). Other than the regulation of authorities for female representation, the societal pressure to give equal representation to women in all sectors has also served as a major factor of increasing percentage of women on board. Scott (1995) says that according to Legitimacy theory, the companies focus on their operations and regulations when they found themselves inconsistent, or endanger of inconsistency in future, with society’s expectations and standards. Due to this fact, the larger firms opt for gender equality on their board to maintain the pressure of legitimacy in the society (Hillman, Shropshire and Cannella, 2007).

Many researchers have found gender diversity to be the fact of increasing company’s reputation and value in corporate world. Numerous theoretical approaches have been implicitly utilized to explain the above stated fact. Organizational studies suggest that women on board can assist in improving processes by exposing the board to the whole new perspectives and ideas; they can handle difficult issues by their tendency to pay attention and independent thinking abilities, and they can prove to perform well in interpersonal communications (Adams and Ferriera, 2009; Hillman et al., 2007; Huse and Solberg, 2005; Terjensen et al., 2009). In the studies of behavioural finance, it is a well-known fact that there is a difference between risk taking and decision making tendencies of men and women. This difference results in positivity and improvement of board processes in case of gender diversity (Barber and Odean, 2001; Brooks and Zank, 2005; Jianakopolos and Bernasek, 1998).

英国代写assignment：宝洁公司

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英国代写assignment：宝洁公司

宝洁更经常地称为宝洁是一个消费产品组织销售多样化需求的产品到世界各地有意触动消费者的心，使他们的日子好过一点的消费者。在众多的品牌中，他们拥有44亿的全球消费者基数。无论是在世界的任何地方，他们都有一个统一的增长战略，即触动人民的心，满足他们的需要，从而使他们更幸福。他们认为，只有当整个利益相关者团体被争夺时，组织的持续增长和持续成功才是可以实现的。

满足顾客是他们确保员工满意和满足他们需求的一部分。为了企业的这种规模的增长，销售，收入和利润是必要的，这些都是直接在工作中对员工的满意度水平的联系（麦克格雷戈，1960:99-121）。杰出学者和思想家的研究证明，工作动机与工作质量和产出有直接关系，专业设置也能提高组织的生产率和财务绩效。

因此，必须设计一种新的绩效管理体系，它倾向于组织的目标和战略，同时考虑到员工的绩效。在本报告中，应设计适当的绩效管理体系，并为成功实施这一制度提供建议。

英国代写assignment：宝洁公司

Proctor & Gamble known more commonly as P & G is a consumer products organization that sells products of diverse needs to consumers all over the world intending to touch the hearts of the consumers and make their day a little better. They have a global consumer base of 4.4 billion across a plethora of brands. Be it any location of the world, they have a unified growth strategy that is to touch the hearts of the people, address their needs and thereby make them happier. They believe that constant growth and continual success for an organization is achievable only when the entire stakeholder community is contended.

Satisfying the customers is one part along with which they ensure that their employees are also gratified and their needs fulfilled as well. In order for a corporate of this size to grow, sales, revenues and profits are imperative and all of these are directly linked to the satisfaction levels of the employees at work (McGregor, 1960:99-121). Research by prominent scholars and thinkers has proved that motivation to work is directly linked to the quality of work and the output which in a professional setup also enhances the productivity and eventually the financial performance of the organization.

Thereby, P & G will necessarily have to design a new performance management system that is inclined towards the goals and strategy of the organization and at the same time takes into consideration employee performance. In this report, a suitable performance management system shall be designed and provide recommendations for successful implementation of the same.

 

英国代写assignment：员工老龄化

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英国代写assignment：员工老龄化

组织内部采取的一些举措是：正在向老龄化的劳动力提供家庭或兼职工作（Barling，2002）。此外，所有的员工都有医疗保险，无论是全职还是兼职，公司鼓励所有员工在公司中引导健康的生活方式。根据2010年的数据，该公司每年要承担8000万美元的费用，以保证所有兼职员工每年达8000美元（Haight，2006年）。

劳动力的多样性

为了促进员工队伍的多元化，苹果公司已经采取了所有关键步骤，并确保存在异构的员工队伍。这是通过与不同组织建立伙伴关系来确保的;他们与全国拉美裔MBA学会，全国黑人MBA和女性工程师协会（Larwood 2001）建立了合作关系。这种类型的组织提供了多样性，使员工组成不同的员工组合。苹果公司相信，执行成功企业文化的关键任务之一就是拥有多元化的员工队伍。为了扩大员工的能力，使他们面对多任务，许多公司采取了跨职能的活动。在苹果公司，大多数管理者表示，他们被要求执行与其工作区不同的跨职能活动。

结论

总而言之，说明这一点是正确的，以确保企业的绩效是非常有效和高效的，有必要保证员工的多样性。在像苹果公司这样的跨国公司中，通过与各个机构的合作来确保多样性，并采取其他一些措施来保证这一点。全球不同的公司普遍接受的观点是，劳动力的多样性使劳动力总体增长，从而提高了对企业的贡献。苹果公司也认真考虑老龄化问题，并采取相应的措施。

英国代写assignment：员工老龄化

Some of the initiatives which have been undertaken within the organization are; working from home or part-time jobs are being offered to the ageing workforce (Barling 2002). In addition, all the workers are covered by medical insurance whether full-time or part time and the firm encourages all the workers to lead a healthy lifestyle in the firm. According to the data of 2010, the firm had to bear a cost of 80 million dollars per year for insuring all the part-time workers up to an extent of 8000 US dollar per year (Haight 2006).

Diversity of the Workforce

In order to promote diversity amongst its workforce, Apple Inc. has taken all the essential steps and to ensure the existence of heterogeneous workforce. This is ensured by setting up partnership with different organizations; they have partnerships with National society of Hispanics MBAs, National Black MBAs and society of Women Engineers (Larwood 2001). Diversity is rendered by these type of organizations and render the mix of employees with diverse set of workforce. It is believed by Apple Inc. that one of the crucial task to execute a successful corporate culture is to have a diversity in workforce. In order broaden the abilities of the employees and to make them multitask oriented, many of the firms adopt a cross functional activities. In Apple Inc. most of the mangers stated that they were asked to perform cross functional activities which were different from their working zone.

Conclusion

In conclusion, it would be correct to state that so as to ensure that the performance in the firm is very effective and efficient it is necessary to ensure diversity in the workforce. In multinational firms like Apple Inc. diversity is ensured by means of partnership with various institutes and taking in several other measures to ensure the same. It is being widely accepted by different firms across the globe that diversity in the workforce enables an overall growth of the workforce which in a way improves their contribution towards the firm. Apple Inc. also takes into consideration the issue of ageing workforce seriously and undertakes measures to deal with the same.

 

 

 

英国代写assignment：零售连锁店

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英国代写assignment：零售连锁店

英国零售市场的现状是由三个趋势形成的，即便利店，折扣店和网上商店。所有这些商店形式都是相对较新的，并且特别是在食品杂货区对零售市场有很大的影响。

2013年便利店数量大幅增长。由于消费者购物偏好的改变，2012年率先推出的这种店面布局取得了巨大的成功。具体来说，2013年该国的便利店增长了3％，落后于折扣店，这是一个小商店（Davies and Ward，2003）。

便利店的增长是第三大，这是由于大量的顶级零售商进入这个渠道。某些零售连锁店也计划在不久的将来增加这种格式的商店数量。正是在2011年，Wm Morrison宣布在2012年开设第一家便利店，由于从其他零售店收购，2013年该店数量达到62家。

消费者已经开始偏离大型连锁超市购物的想法，或者选择少量采购，多次到当地的杂货店和便利店参观。购买行为的这一变化的主要原因可以归因于通货膨胀和价格上涨。

如果购买量较少，有助于抑制消费者浪费食物和节省资金（Seiders，Simonides和Tigert，2000）。而且位于城镇外的大型零售连锁店使得那些在燃料价格上涨时不愿意旅行的消费者不易接近。在这种情况下，那些在当时统治市场的大型零售连锁企业的未来将会如何呢？

英国代写assignment：零售连锁店

The current status of the retail market in the United Kingdom is shaped by three trends, namely the convenience stores, the discounters and the online stores. All of these store formats are relatively new in nature and have strongly influenced the retail market specifically in the grocery area.

The year 2013 witnessed the sharp growth in the number of convenience stores. This kind of store layout that was pioneered in 2012 witnessed great success as a result of the changing consumer shopping preferences. Specifically the convenience stores in the country grew by 3% in 2013 which was behind discounters, a niche category of stores having small outlets (Davies and Ward, 2003).

The growth of convenience stores was the third largest which was due to a large number of top retailers steeping into this channel. Certain retail chains also planned to increase the number of stores in this format in the near future. It was in 2011 that Wm Morrison announced the opening of its first convenience store in 2012 and the number of such became 62 in 2013 as a result of acquisition from other retail outlet stores.

Consumers had begun to drift away from the idea of bulk grocery shopping from large chains and alternatively chose to purchase in smaller quantities making multiple visited to the local grocers and the convenience stores. The major cause for this change in buying behaviour can be attributed to inflation and price rise.

Purchases in smaller quantities helped in curbing wastage of food and saving of money in the event of salary stagnation and falling disposable income of the consumers (Seiders, Simonides and Tigert, 2000). Moreover the large retail chains being situated outside the towns made them less accessible to consumers who were reluctant to travel so far when fuel prices were shooting up. In such a situation, what would be the future of the large retail chains that were until then ruling the market?