代写论文-商业交易

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代写论文 商业交易

人们发现，当伦敦的企业发行股票时，这些组织在第一次商业交易之前就获得了资金。由于英国政府在1825年之前禁止股票发行，这些组织停止向投资者支付股息。然而，伦敦证券交易所最初是在1801年成立的。这导致了伦敦证券交易所在1817年阻止了纽约证券交易所的出现。

代写论文 商业交易

纽约证券交易所自第一天起就开始交易股票。由于缺乏竞争，纽交所成为美国最强大的证券交易所，它在纽约的经济中定位。

代写论文 商业交易

伦敦证券交易所仍然是欧洲国家的主要市场，而纽约证交所仍然是美国和全球的主要交易所。研究人员指出，最初的挑战发生在1971年。金融行业监管机构和全国证券交易商协会成立了纳斯达克证券交易所。

代写论文 商业交易

来自纳斯达克的电子交易在竞争中给个人带来了各种优势。最基本的因素是对买卖价差的减少。大多数泡沫是通过恐慌性抛售造成的，这导致市场下跌，最终崩溃。

代写论文 商业交易

It is found that when the businesses in the London issued shares, the organizations were securing funds before when the first business transaction was made. The organizations stopped the payment of dividends to the investors as a result of which the England government banned the shares issuance till 1825. However, the London Stock Exchange was formed initially in the year of 1801. This resulted in the limited exchange that prevented London Stock Exchange prevents the emergence of New York Stock Exchange in the year of 1817.
The New York Stock Exchange has been trading stocks since the initial day. The NYSE became the strongest stock exchange in the nation due to the lack of competition and it’s positioning within the New York economy.
The London Stock Exchange remained primary market for the European nations while the NYSE remained primary exchange from United States and the globe. The researchers indicate that the initial challenge took place in the year of 1971. The organizations namely Financial Industry Regulatory Authority and National Association of Securities Dealers established the NASDAQ stock exchange.
The electronic trading from NASDAQ provided with various advantages to the individuals over the competition. The essential element was the reduction of the spread for bid-ask. Majority of the bubbles are created through the panic selling that causes the market to decline and eventually crash.

 

 

英国代写essay：特洛伊木马软件

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英国代写essay：特洛伊木马软件

特洛伊木马软件也是一种隐藏恶意代码的有效载荷，同时表现出合法行为。 Trojan经常安装后门程序，允许以秘密方式访问黑客（Ryuet al。，2009）。它有助于将受害者计算机添加到僵尸计算机的网络中，该计算机稍后用于启动大规模DDoS攻击或发送垃圾邮件。它也有动机从主机系统获取大量垃圾邮件的电子邮件地址。

英国代写essay：特洛伊木马软件
僵尸网络背后的主要动机是为犯罪分子和恐怖分子破坏国家工作的能力积累资金，在全国范围内传播混乱以及造成伤害。随着僵尸网络和高技能和有组织犯罪攻击者的不断复杂化，作为病毒，特洛伊木马，网络入侵，蠕虫等蠕虫的强大威胁依然延续到互联网安全和隐私（Collins等，2012）。攻击者数量众多，更复杂，难以识别，拥有更好的收费和拥有大量机器人军队，从而触发单个无人机或僵尸进行各种类型的攻击，不仅限于DDoS，发送垃圾邮件，传递，身份盗用，点击欺诈等。僵尸网络背后的主要动机是金钱，但现在随着新技术和新时代的发展，新的战争时代已经成为网络战争（Railkaret al。，2013）。现在，僵尸网络可以用于潜在的政治/经济网络战争或间谍活动，从而获得全球任何国家或组织的支持。现在这已经构成了严重的威胁，因为如果数字网络或基础设施停机或损坏，那么现在每个信息都是数字化的，那么对任何国家或组织都是危险的。

英国代写essay：特洛伊木马软件

A Trojan also a piece of software conceals a payload of malicious coding while appearing to perform a legitimate action. Trojan often install backdoor programs which allow access to the hackers in secret way.(Ryuet al., 2009) It helps in adding the victim computers in a network of zombie’s computer which later used in order to launch massive DDoS attacks or send spams. It has motives also to harvest email addresses from the host system for massive spamming.

英国代写essay：特洛伊木马软件
The major motive behind the botnet is accumulating money for criminals and terrorist’s disrupting ability for the nation’s work and spreading chaos among the nation as well as causing harm. With the continuous sophistication of botnets and highly skilled and organized criminal attacker, a powerful threat as the form viruses, Trojan horse, network intrusion, worms are still persisted to the internet security and privacy (Collins et al., 2012). Attackers are numerous, more sophisticated, harder to identify, have better toll and possessing large size of army of bots and thus trigger the command the individual drone or zombies to carry out the various type of attack not only limited to DDoS, spamming, passing, identity theft, click fraud, etc. The earlier major motive behind the botnet were the money but now with new changed technologies and time, the new era of warfare has emerged as cyber war (Railkaret al.,2013). Now botnets can be used for potential political/economic cyber war or espionage gain any country or an organization across the globe. This has posed a grave threat nowadays because now every information is digitalized if the digital network or infrastructure is down or corrupted then it will be dangerous for any country or an organization.

英国代写essay：互联网广告

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英国代写essay：互联网广告

自2000年以来互联网蓬勃发展，营销人员和广告商开始考虑互联网在广告领域的重要性。互联网广告已经广泛传播，这就是传统媒体受到很大影响的原因。互联网广告收入每年增长20％（Interactive Advertising Bureau，2003）。起初，营销人员和广告商认为它已经危及传统媒体;但它为传统媒体提供了合作的机会，以最大限度地发挥广告的价值。调查显示，63.6％的消费者因传统媒体（如电视，广播和报纸）的广告而购买产品。然而，61.1％的消费者在购买产品前会在网上进行研究。 （eMarketer，2012）。

英国代写essay：互联网广告
关键词广告是互联网广告的例子之一。关键词的特点是简单易记。更重要的是，它简化了来自公司的复杂信息并且也很有效。例如，在2006年底，关键字广告从日本引入到台湾。作为第一家在台湾电视广告中使用关键字广告的公司，汇丰银行个人银行在几周内达到了年度客户的目标。因此，关键字广告在台湾各地广泛使用。因此，它大大有利于双方。
同样，关键字广告已在英国使用。在2011年，英国所有印刷和电视广告中有65％包含URL（统一资源定位器）。根据2013年Twitter的一项研究，Twitter用户从2012年的1000万增加到了英国的1500万。

英国代写essay：互联网广告

While internet had burgeoned since the year 2000, marketers and advertisers have started to consider the importance of internet in the field of advertising. Internet advertising had spread broadly and that’s the reason why traditional media has been affected largely. The revenue of internet advertising has seen a 20% growth per year (Interactive Advertising Bureau, 2003). At first, marketers and advertisers thought it has endangered the traditional media; but it has rendered a chance to the traditional media to cooperate in order to maximize the value of advertising. Survey shows that 63.6% consumers purchase a product because of commercials in the traditional media such as television, radio and newspapers. However, 61.1% consumer will do research online before they purchase a product. (eMarketer, 2012).

英国代写essay：互联网广告
Keywords advertising is one of the examples of internet advertising. The features of keywords are that it is simple and could be memorized easily. More importantly, it simplifies the complex messages from company and is effective too. For instance, at the end of the year 2006, keywords advertising was introduced from Japan to Taiwan. HSBC Personal Banking, as the first company used keywords advertising in television commercial in Taiwan reached its objective of annual customers in few weeks. Since that, keywords advertising is being used extensively everywhere in Taiwan. As a result, it benefits both sides greatly.
Likewise, keywords advertising has been used in the UK. In 2011, 65% of all UK print and television advertisements included a URL (Uniform resource locator). According to a study from twitter in 2013, twitter users increased to 15 million in the UK from 10 million in 2012.

英国代写essay：阅读和写作技巧

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英国代写essay：阅读和写作技巧

我们的阅读和写作技巧可以帮助我们进行学术研究。学习也是一种技巧。我们有时候并没有意识到，但是这些技能决定了我们在事业和生活中的成功。我们在阅读和写作方面的好坏决定了我们的成绩。我们可以改进和提高我们的技能吗？这是试图从个人角度来理解这一切。
尽管我们大部分时间都在阅读和写作，但我们阅读和写作英语的方式仍然存在一些基本错误。汉语和英语的思维过程存在差异。句子的语法，构造和组织 – 这些都是不同的。如果照顾到这些弱点，我们将能够更好地学习并取得更好的成绩。这将有助于我们的学术成绩，我们在大学以外的生活中也会做得更好。

英国代写essay：阅读和写作技巧
SWOT分析我的阅读技巧：
实力：我可以阅读有组织的想法并且很好地理解他们。英语是我的第二语言，但我能理解。我喜欢阅读新鲜有趣的东西。我喜欢英语，我有必要的坚持，使我能够通过字典和词库来了解我迷惑时的意义。
弱点：我有时会跳过单词或一些短语，对我来说感觉陌生。然后，我必须找出其他例子，并在正确的背景下理解这些单词。另外，我有时会以封面来判断一本书。我不喜欢严肃而悲伤的文学。
机会：我有丰富的中国背景，我有机会在新的背景下阅读和学习一门新语言。这很有趣。新词，有时候会有同样的感受。
威胁：有时当我阅读英文时，与阅读中文非常不同。有时候我觉得我不正确或深刻地理解它 – 以正确的方式。

英国代写essay：阅读和写作技巧

Our reading and writing skills help us with our academic study. Learning is also a skill. We sometimes do not realize, but these skills decide how successful we will be in our career and in our life. How good or bad we are in reading and writing decides our grades. Can we improve and enhance our skills? Here is an attempt to understand it all from a personal point of view.
Though we have been reading and writing most of our lives, there still are some basic mistakes in the ways we read and write English. There are differences in thinking processes of Chinese language and English language. The grammar, construction, and organization of sentences- these are all different. If these weaknesses are taken care of, we would be able to learn better and score better marks. It would help us in our academic stint and we would do better in life outside college too.

英国代写essay：阅读和写作技巧
SWOT Analysis of my reading skill:
Strength: I can read organized thoughts and understand them well. English is my second language but I can understand it well. I like reading new and fun things. I love English language and I have necessary persistence that enables me to look through dictionaries and thesaurus to understand meaning when I am confused.
Weakness: I sometimes skip words or some phrases feel alien to me. Then I have to find out other examples and understand the words in right context. Also I sometimes judge a book by its cover. I do not like serious and sad literature.
Opportunities: I have a rich Chinese background and I have the opportunity to read and learn a new language in a new context. It is very interesting. New words, same feelings sometimes.
Threats: Sometimes when I read English, It is very different from reading in Chinese. Sometimes I feel I do not understand it correctly or deeply – in the right way.

英国代写essay：公司法

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英国代写essay：公司法

在本案中需要决定的问题是乔治是否违反了他作为伊斯灵顿有限公司董事的任何职责。作为伊斯灵顿有限公司的董事，乔治与Maggi达成了一项协议，他们创立了自己的公司Fon PLC。之后Islington Ltd.开始知道George拥有Fon Plc的股份。
在这方面已经规定了董事的几项职责。这些是（i）在权力内行事的义务; （ii）促进公司成功的责任; （iii）行使独立判断的责任; （iv）有责任保持合理的谨慎，技巧和勤奋; （v）避免冲突的责任; （vi）披露交易冲突的义务和（vii）董事在接受第三方利益的同时承担的责任。

英国代写essay：公司法
例如，“公司法”第175条规定董事有义务避免利益冲突。在这方面，本节规定，董事需要避免出现与公司利益冲突的直接或间接利益。同时，第175（2）条规定，这一要求也特别适用于利用任何机会，信息或财产。同时，这一规定还提到，在这方面，如果公司能够利用这种机会，信息或财产，这并不重要。
鉴于这些规定，公司的董事必须避免与公司的利益发生冲突。这是一个非常宽泛的措辞，包括实际和潜在的利益冲突。同样，这种责任适用于利益冲突和责任冲突。

英国代写essay：公司法

The issue that needs to be decided in the present case is if George has breached any of his duties as the director of Islington Ltd. As a director of Islington Ltd., George entered into an agreement with Maggi and they started their own company, Fon Plc. Later on Islington Ltd. comes to know that George owns shares in Fon Plc.
There are several duties of the directors that have been prescribed in this regard. These are (i) the duty to act within powers; (ii) the duty to promote the success of the company; (iii) duty to exercise independent judgment; (iv) duty to exercise reasonable care, skill and diligence; (v) duty to avoid a situation of conflict; (vi) duty to disclose the transactional conflict and (vii) the duty of directors while accepting benefits from third parties.

英国代写essay：公司法
For example, s 175 of the Companies Act prescribes the duty of the directors to stay away from conflicts of interest. In this regard, this section provides that a director needs to avoid situations where direct or indirect interest could be present that is in conflict with companies’ interests. At the same time, s175(2) prescribes that this requirement also applies particularly to the exploitation of any opportunity, information or property. At the same time, this provision also mentions that in this regard it is not material if the company could have taken the advantage of such opportunity, information or property.
In view of these provisions, the directors of companies are required to avoid circumstances where there can be a conflict of interestwith that of the company. This is a very wide wording and includes actual as well as potential conflicts of interest. In the same way, this duty applies to a conflict of interest and that of a duty.

英国代写essay：经济监管

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英国代写essay：经济监管

问责制 – 这个特定的标准是最重要的标准，因为它提供了监管机构透明的运营方式和他们产生的结果的质量的完整视图。负责任的监管机构还根据其产生的结果进行评估，这些结果告诉公众他们选择政府的决定，同时也对监管机构的缺点，意图，能力和愿意提供强制性要求进行教育。英国的监管框架简单而透明，并提供了所涉及流程的清晰形象。绿色协议是一项重大改革，为公民评估家园和编写报告以利用绿色协议金融设施（Energy-uk.org.uk，2014）。

英国代写essay：经济监管
绿色交易融资的这一概念是公民利用金融和装备家庭和办公室以提高能源效率的一种主要手段。这种首先提供免费融资，然后通过分期付款将其从客户手中收回的方法是一种新颖的方法，并显示监管机构的真正透明运作。在政府双重并且有联盟伙伴的情况下，可能很难对其行动作出明确的评估。在英国，天然气和能源管理办公室（OFGEM）是一个独立机构，并有权通过其在天然气和电力行业的权力作出决定。 OFGEM设法承诺建立一个承认OFGEM为独立监管机构并为能源部门提供独立经济监管的框架（OFGEM review，2011）。监管机构还鼓励开放参与能源行业和竞争环境，以帮助消费者获得最低利率。这种观点对消费者来说是必要的和巨大的价值，但也可能由于参与者人数较多而导致较低的问责性。

英国代写essay：经济监管

Accountability—This particular criteria is the most important one as it offers a full view of the regulators transparent method of operations and the quality of results they produce. The accountable regulator is also assessed by the results they produce which tells the public about their decision of choosing the government and also educates then about the regulators shortcomings, its intent, ability, and willingness to deliver the mandated requests. UK’s regulatory framework is simple and transparent, and provides a clear image of the processes involved. The Green Deal is a major reform which offers the citizens to assess their homes and generate a report in order to avail of the Green deal finance facility (Energy-uk.org.uk, 2014).

英国代写essay：经济监管
This concept of Green deal finance is a major tool for citizens to avail of the finance and equip their homes and offices in ways which increases their energy efficiencies. This method of offering free finance upfront and then collecting it from the customers through installments in their energy bill is a novel approach and displays a genuine transparent operation of the regulator. In instances when the governments are dual and have a coalition partner, it may be difficult to produce a clear assessment of their actions. In the UK, the Office of Gas and Energy Management (OFGEM) is an independent body, and has the right to take decisions through its powers in the gas and electricity sectors. OFGEM has managed to commit itself to a framework which recognizes OFGEM as an independent regulator and also providing an independent economic regulation for the energy sector (OFGEM review, 2011). The regulator has also encouraged open participation in the energy sector and an environment of competition to help get the lowest rates to consumers. This perspective is necessary and of immense value for the consumers, but it is also possible to have low accountability due to more number of participants.

英国代写essay：公司道德决策

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英国代写essay：公司道德决策

道德决策对组织来说非常重要，因为员工受到不同方式的影响。一家互联网服务提供商的Galaxywire必须有道义上的责任去信守绿色民族，只要他们从业务中获利，因为在公司开始运营的时候，他们向人们承诺他们与其他公司不同无论如何都将履行对社区的承诺。由于该领域有一段历史记录，一家非常知名的组织弗里德曼钢铁公司因为一些劳资纠纷而终止其运营已经结束了三十五年，这就是为什么一般人对社区内大公司的看法非常糟糕的原因。

英国代写essay：公司道德决策
因此，为了获得他们在人们之间树立形象的人们的信心，承诺他们将平等对待所有员工，并且员工和管理人员之间没有差别。当时社区失业率为16％，社区人士对公司的价值观和政策印象深刻，他们以奉献精神努力工作，对公司发展起到了决定性作用，公司因此成长为速度非常快，并在全国范围内扩大了运营范围。除此之外，城市发展官员还通过提供30万美元的低息贷款为员工培训提供支持，并为发展日托和行政办公室提供赠款。

英国代写essay：公司道德决策

Ethical decision making is very important for an organization because the employees are affected by it in different manners. Galaxywire an internet service provider firm must has the moral duty to keep its promise and stay in Green folk as long as they are earning profit from its business because in the start when company started its operations they promised the people that they are different from other corporations and will fulfil their commitments towards the community in any case. As there was a history in that area that a very well-known organization Freedman Steel ended its operations after thirty five years due to some labour dispute that is why a general perception of people in the community about larger firms was very bad.

英国代写essay：公司道德决策
Therefore in order to gain the confidence of people they built their image among people by promising that they will treat all the employees equally and there will be no difference among the employees and executives. At that time the unemployment rate in the community was 16% and people in the community got impressed by the company’s values and policies, they worked really hard with dedication and played a decisive role in the development of company due to which the firm grew at a very fast pace and extended its operations all over the country. In addition to this city development officials also supported the firm by providing the low interest loan of 300,000$ for the training of employees and also provided a grant for the development of day care and executive offices.

英国代写essay：欧元区

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英国代写essay：欧元区

到目前为止，欧元区过去几年所取得的成功被忽略了。欧元区正面临财政政策和经济的稳定和不平衡的严重问题。所以对于欧元区来说，成为“最佳货币区”还是很长的路要走。首先，12个成员国相互合作，国内生产总值的扩张是同步的，相反的，从2008年开始是异步的。

在这样的环境下，欧洲央行面临着追求单一货币政策的挑战，该政策考虑到了欧盟动车组成员的利益，帮助他们制定和组织政府的债务和财政政策。最后，动车组成员能够在本国获得健康的财政状况，整个动车组也能有一个健康的经济增长。

所以这个问题到底是为了比较美国的货币联盟还是异质的货币联盟。财政一体化应该进行或应该取消，然后设置不同的小欧元区，如北欧和南欧

英国代写essay：欧元区

基础财务概念在本论文中使用

在稳定方面，中央和中央银行的政府制定了财政政策来影响和控制经济活动，主要有两种方式，一种是税收转移制度和自动反应;另一种是包括可选择的财政政策方法：假设一，成员国在形成欧洲财政政策协调的共同制度体系（“稳定条约”）方面发挥的作用越大，其实施的国家经济和其他适应问题就越少（下载）普通财政对象（Kaaelejrervi 2007）;假设二：财政政策协调制度化程度越高，在欧盟层面，一个成员国财政政策执行中出现的调整问题就越少，越少的成员国就会在政治和经济上尝试改革和重新解释共同规则（Kaaelejrervi，2007） 。

英国代写essay：欧元区

By now, the success which the Eurozone has achieved in the past years has been ignored. Eurozone is sucking onto a big problem about the stability and imbalance of their fiscal policy and economy. So, for Eurozone it is still a long way to be the ‘optimum currency area’. At first, the 12 member states worked well with each other, the GDP expansion was synchronized and which reversed and has been asynchronous from 2008.

The ECB in this environment faced the challenges to pursue a single monetary policy which took into consideration the interest of the members of EMU and helped them to set and organized their government’s debt and fiscal policy. At the end, the EMU members could get a sound fiscal situation in their own country, as well as the whole EMU could have a healthy growth of the economy.

So the problem gets to the ground to compare the monetary union in USA, which is also the heterogeneous monetary union. The fiscal integration should be carried out or should be abolished and then set different small Eurozone, like the North Eurozone and the South Eurozone.

英国代写essay：欧元区

Basic Financial Concepts used in this thesis

In stabilization, the government at the center and central bank set fiscal policy to influence and control the economic activities, by the two basically methods, one is the transfer system and automatic response of taxes; other one includes discretionary fiscal policy methods: Hypothesis one, The greater role a Member state has had in the formation of the common institutional system for European fiscal policy coordination (the Stability Pact), the fewer national economic and other adaption problems it has when implementing (downloading) the common fiscal objects (Kaaelejrervi 2007); Hypothesis Two, The more institutionalized fiscal policy coordination is at the European level, the fewer adjustment problems will occur in fiscal policy implementation in a Member State and the less Member State will try politically and economically to reform and reinterpret the common rules (Kaaelejrervi 2007).

英国代写essay：零售商店数据分析

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英国代写essay：零售商店数据分析

分析
这里介绍数据分析。这些数据是通过初级研究和所需的二次研究收集到公司的。数据分段显示。第2.1节介绍了收集的数据，在比较的背景下。 2.2节给出了评级的条形图总结，2.3节和2.4节给出了相似性和差异性，2.5节选择了两个相关维度，从中可以对组织的有效性进行更详细的分析。在分析的基础上，研究结论与建议。
比较研究数据收集
这三个组织Dotti，Bamboo House，Woolworths Supermarket的初步研究结果在这里以一个比较的背景介绍。

英国代写essay：零售商店数据分析
形式化
形式化代表了组织编写规则的水平。在与该组织三名中层管理人员进行的一次采访中，收集了不同的数据。在Dotti，员工表示，有正式的规则和程序，但在零售商店提供假日优惠或更多的突发事件时，有必要打破协议。任何组织都可能有太多的书面规则或规则太少。在1-10的水平上，1代表“许多书面规则”，10代表“少量规则”，Dotti员工评分为5分，Bamboo House员工评分为7分，Woolworths超市评分为3分。这表明Woolworths更为正式其做法和程序。竹屋相对较少形式化，而Dotti则介于两者之间，表明规则过多和规则过少均衡。

英国代写essay：零售商店数据分析

Analysis
An analysis of the data is presented here. The data is collected on the companies by means of primary research and also the needed secondary research. Data is presented in sections. Section 2.1 presents the data collected, in a comparative context. Section 2.2 presents a bar chart summary of the ratings, Section 2.3 and 2.4 present the similarities and the differences, and section 2.5 selects two related dimensions, from which a more detailed analysis can be done of the organization’s effectiveness. Based on the analysis the research concludes with recommendations.
 Comparison –Data Collection from Research
The results of the primary research for the three organizations Dotti, Bamboo House, Woolworths Supermarket are presented here in a comparative context.
英国代写essay：零售商店数据分析
Formalization
Formalization represents the level to which an organization has written rules. In an interview conducted with three middle-management level employees of the organization different data were collected. In Dotti, the employee stated that there were formal rules and procedures, but in times of contingencies when the retail store presents holiday offers and more, it will be necessary to break protocol. Any organization can have either too many written rules or too few rules. On a level of 1-10 with 1 standing for ‘many written rules’ and 10 for ‘few rules’, Dotti employee rated 5, the Bamboo House employee rated 7, and Woolworths Supermarket rated 3. This indicates that Woolworths is more formalized in its practices and procedures. Bamboo House is comparatively less formalized whereas Dotti ranges somewhere in between, indicating a balanced approach between too many rules and too little.

英国代写essay：索尼的市场竞争

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英国代写essay：索尼的市场竞争

市场参与者的威胁：索尼面临新的国际市场参与者的低威胁。原因在于索尼享有很高的品牌忠诚度，并且拥有很多专利。唯一能够影响公司的威胁是规模经济和任何单一玩家在市场上的巨大投资。
替代品的威胁：在国际市场上，索尼面临的主要威胁来自于产品周期短，研发活动所涉及的巨额成本。由于产品差异化，公司确实对替代品构成威胁。市场上有无数的替代品，购买这些产品的成本非常低（Doole＆Lowe，2012）。如果有这样的进步，公司需要被告知。

英国代写essay：索尼的市场竞争
买方的议价能力：消费者在公司经营的任何国际市场都占有优势，因为转换成本非常低，市场对价格敏感。这有助于买家对质量和价格的要求更高。公司应该意识到特定地区的价格范围，在向客户投放产品的同时应该利用相同的价格。
供应商讨价还价的力量：索尼处理技术。因此，很难找到合适的供应商。由于供应商分散，数量少，公司面临着问题。供应商也可以自由地提高价格，因为他们数量少，因此议价能力在于他们。
竞争程度：索尼面临竞争的主要原因是寡头垄断市场，市场销售增长下滑等。当一个市场上有类似的产品，那么利润率必然下降。

英国代写essay：索尼的市场竞争

Threat of market entrants: Sony faces low threat from the new international market entrants. The reason is that Sony enjoys huge brand loyalty and has many patents in its name. The only threat which can affect the company is economies of scale and any huge investment in the market by a single player.
Threats from substitutes: In the international market, the major threat which Sony faces is from the short product cycle and huge costs involved in research and development activities. The company does have high threat from the substitutes due to limited differentiation of products. There are innumerable substitutes present in the market and the cost involved in buying those products is very less (Doole & Lowe, 2012) . The company needs to be informed if such advancements are being made.

英国代写essay：索尼的市场竞争
Bargaining power of buyers: The consumers have an upper hand in any of the international markets where the company operates because switching cost is very low and the market is highly price sensitive. This helps the buyers to demand more on quality and reduction in price. The company should be aware of the price range in a particular region and they should capitalize on the same while pitching a product to the customer.
Bargaining power of suppliers: Sony deals with technology. Thus it is quite inevitable that it would struggle to find the right set of suppliers. The company faces problems as the suppliers are scattered and are less in number. The suppliers also have the liberty to increase the prices considering that they are few in number and hence the bargaining power lies with them.
Degree of Rivalry: The main reasons of Sony facing rivalry would be oligopolistic markets, decreasing market sales growth etc. When a market has similar products in a store then the profit margins are bound to decline.